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Transcript: 3-D shapes
(soft music plays)
An animated title against a sunny sky reads "TVOKids Power Hour of Learning."
In off, Laura says WELCOME TO TVOKIDS
POWER HOUR OF LEARNING.
Teacher Vickita stands in a kitchen. She's in her twenties, with long wavy dark hair. She's wearing a black turtleneck shirt.
A caption appears on screen. It reads "Teacher Vickita. Junior 4-6."
Vickita says HELLO, AND WELCOME TO
POWER HOUR OF LEARNING.
MY NAME IS TEACHER VICKITA,
AND I'M SO EXCITED
TO BE WITH YOU ALL TODAY.
BEFORE WE GET STARTED,
LET'S GET INTO
THE RIGHT MINDSET
WITH SOME MINDFULNESS ACTIVITIES
WITH MY FRIEND, TEACHER BUSHRA.
SHE'S GOING TO HELP US
CALM OURSELVES DOWN
AND FIND A SAFE PLACE
TO LEARN.
TEACHER BUSHRA?
The caption changes to "Teacher Bushra. Junior 4-6."
Teacher Bushra is in her twenties, with shoulder-length brown hair. She's wearing black leggings and a gray shirt. She stands on black and white a sticky mat inside a room with gray walls.
She says HELLO THERE, EVERYONE.
IT'S TEACHER BUSHRA HERE.
HERE TO HELP YOU GET YOUR MINDS
AND YOUR BODIES
READY TO LEARN
WITH TEACHER VICKITA.
SO WHEN YOU'RE READY,
FIND A SPOT SOMEWHERE CLOSE BY,
SOMEWHERE COMFORTABLE,
AND GO TAKE A SEAT.
ALL RIGHT, I HAVE MY MAT HERE.
IT'S PRETTY COMFORTABLE.
SO I'LL MOVE IT
SO YOU CAN SEE.
She sits down on the mat and says RIGHT HERE.
AWESOME.
AH.
She crosses her legs and says NOW, CROSS YOUR LEGS
IF THAT'S COMFORTABLE.
RELAX THE SHOULDER.
RELAX THE ARMS.
SO YOU CAN HAVE YOUR ARMS
AT THE SIDE
OR IN YOUR LAP.
FOR ME, IT'S MORE COMFORTABLE
IN MY LAP,
SO THAT'S WHAT
I'M GOING TO DO.
ALL RIGHT, SO SITTING
NICE AND TALL,
WE'RE GOING TO DO SOME
BREATHING EXERCISES
TO GET THE BRAIN READY.
SO I WANT YOU TO TAKE A DEEP
BREATH IN FOR FIVE SECONDS,
AND HOLD IT.
ALL RIGHT?
DEEP BREATH IN.
FOR FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO AND ONE.
HOLD YOUR BREATH.
AND NOW EXHALE FOR FIVE,
FOUR, THREE, TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
NICE AND SLOW NOW.
INHALE FOR FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO, ONE.
HOLD.
EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICELY DONE.
ONE MORE TIME.
NICE AND TALL.
RELAX.
TAKE A DEEP BREATH IN.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
HOLD.
EXHALE FOR FIVE,
FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
WE'RE GOING TO TRY THAT
TWO MORE TIMES.
BUT THIS TIME, IT'S GOING TO BE
A LITTLE DIFFERENT.
WE'RE GOING TO BRING
THE ARMS UP TOGETHER,
AND TO THE HEART'S CENTRE,
ALL RIGHT?
AS WE INHALE, WE'RE GOING
TO BRING THE ARMS UP.
TRY IT WITH ME.
TAKE A DEEP BREATH IN.
BRING THE ARMS UP.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
HANDS TOGETHER. EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
ONE MORE TIME.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
AND FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO, ONE.
AMAZING.
NOW THAT THE BRAIN IS READY,
LET'S GET THE REST
OF THE BODY READY, OKAY?
I WANT YOU TO COME
ON YOUR KNEES.
She kneels up and says OOH.
NICE CARPET.
SO, KNEES ONTO THE GROUND.
AND YOU'RE GOING TO GET THE
HANDS ALL THE WAY, REACHING OUT.
She presses her hands against the floor and says JUST TOUCH THE FLOOR.
VERY NICE.
HANDS OUT IN FRONT OF YOU.
AND NOW YOU'RE GOING TO PUSH
YOUR HIPS BACK ALL THE WAY.
HANDS DROP, SHOULDERS DROP
TO THE GROUND.
She performs the movement as described and says NICE.
NOW I WANT YOU TO REACH
THE ARMS OUT NICE AND FAR.
OH, REACHING, REACHING,
REACHING.
PUSH THE HIPS DOWN
FOR FIVE MORE SECONDS.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
AH. NICE.
COME UP. SHAKE IT OUT.
She rises on her knees and moves her shoulders in circles.
She says VERY NICE.
ALL RIGHT, NOW I'M GOING TO GET
YOU TO COME ON YOUR BELLIES.
SO WE'RE NOT SLEEPING,
BUT WE'RE GOING
TO GET ON OUR BELLIES.
WE'RE GOING TO GET OUR PALMS
IN THERE, OUR SHOULDERS.
LOOKING STRAIGHT AHEAD.
NOW WE'RE GOING TO PUSH
THE FLOOR AWAY FROM US.
She performs the movement as described and says GET YOUR HEAD UP.
LOOKING TO THE CEILING.
NICE STRETCH IN THE BELLY.
OOH.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
DROP DOWN,
DO THAT ONE MORE TIME.
She repeats the motion as she counts
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
AMAZING WORK.
ALL RIGHT. COME UP.
PUSH YOURSELF
ALL THE WAY UP.
KNEES IN.
She kneels and says NICELY DONE.
THE NEXT THING WE'RE GOING TO DO
IS COME UP ON OUR FEET.
SO, FEET TOGETHER.
UNDER YOUR HIPS.
She stands up, shakes her feet and says
SHAKE IT OUT A LITTLE BIT.
NICE.
SO, AGAIN,
SOME BREATHING EXERCISES
WHILE WE'RE STANDING UP.
YOU'RE GOING TO GET YOUR ARMS
ALL THE WAY UP
AS YOU INHALE.
AND AS YOU EXHALE,
YOU'RE GOING TO DROP
TO THE GROUND.
ALL RIGHT?
LET'S TRY IT.
She performs the movement as described and says FIVE SECONDS TO INHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, REACH.
AND NOW DROP YOUR HANDS
TO THE TOES
FROM FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
COME BACK UP.
DOING THAT TWO MORE TIMES.
SO INHALE.
DEEP BREATH.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, EXHALE.
TO THE GROUND.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
COME BACK UP.
ONE MORE TIME.
MAKE THE BEST OF IT.
ALL RIGHT.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, REACH.
AND DROP, EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
SLOWLY COME UP.
(EXHALING)
As she rolls her shoulders, she says ROLL YOUR SHOULDERS BACK
AND FORWARD.
NICE.
ROTATE.
SHAKE OUT YOUR LEGS.
SHAKE OUT THE ARMS.
AND YOU'RE READY TO PLAY.
She performs the movement as described and says ALL RIGHT, BACK TO YOU,
TEACHER VICKITA.
Teacher Vickita sighs, then says I FEEL SO MUCH BETTER.
AND NOW THAT WE'RE COMFORTABLE
AND IN THE RIGHT MINDSET,
LET'S GET STARTED.
YOU MAY WANT TO GRAB A NOTEBOOK
AND A PENCIL,
BECAUSE WE'RE GOING TO HAVE
SO MUCH FUN TOGETHER
AND YOU MIGHT WANT
TO WRITE SOME NOTES DOWN.
OUR BIG IDEA FOR TODAY
IS EXPLORING 3D SHAPES.
WE'RE GOING TO BE FINDING,
NAMING AND CLASSIFYING THEM.
A caption reads "2D and 3D."
Vickita continues WE CAN FIND 2D AND 3D SHAPES
EVERYWHERE AROUND US.
THE LETTER "D" IN 2D AND 3D
MEANS "DIMENSION."
AND I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU
WHAT THAT MEANS RIGHT NOW.
SO HERE, I HAVE A CARD.
A FOUND SHAPE IN MY HOUSE.
As she holds up a playing card, she says THIS SHAPE IS 2D
BECAUSE IT HAS TWO DIMENSIONS:
LENGTH AND WIDTH.
THAT'S IT.
Now she picks up a box of salt and says THIS SHAPE, THIS TABLE SALT BOX,
IS A 3D SHAPE BECAUSE IT HAS
THREE DIMENSIONS.
LENGTH, WIDTH AND HEIGHT.
THREE DIMENSIONS.
2D SHAPES AND 3D SHAPES
HAVE AN INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT
RELATIONSHIP,
BECAUSE YOU CAN FIND 2D SHAPES
WITHIN 3D SHAPES.
SO, FOR EXAMPLE,
Holding the card up, she says THIS IS A RECTANGLE.
AND WITHIN THIS BOX,
YOU CAN SEE MANY RECTANGLES.
SO HOW MANY RECTANGLES DOES
THIS SALT TABLE SALT BOX HAVE?
As she points at the sides of the box, she says ONE, TWO, THREE, FOUR,
FIVE AND SIX.
SO THEY HAVE A RELATIONSHIP.
WE USE TWO-
AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES
IN SEVERAL AREAS
IN OUR LIVES,
SUCH AS ENGINEERING,
COMPUTER GRAPHICS,
ANIMATION,
AND IN REAL LIFE TOO.
I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU
IN A FEW SECONDS
WHAT I FOUND IN MY HOUSE
AS FOUND SHAPES THAT WERE 3D.
Nos she stands behind a wooden table with several object on it.
The caption changes to "3D shapes."
Vickita says OKAY, SO AS I SAID BEFORE,
YOU CAN FIND SHAPES
ALL AROUND YOU.
ESPECIALLY 3D ONES.
AND I LOOKED INSIDE MY HOUSE,
AND I FOUND ALL OF THESE
3D SHAPES.
SO RIGHT NOW, WHAT WE'RE GOING
TO BE DOING
IS WE'RE GOING TO BE NAMING
AND CLASSIFYING THEM.
REMEMBER THAT 2D SHAPES
ARE FOUND WITHIN 3D SHAPES,
SO AS I GIVE YOU THE NAME
OF THE SHAPE,
I'M ALSO GOING TO GIVE YOU
THE 2D SHAPE
THAT HAS A RELATIONSHIP WITH IT,
BECAUSE THEY HAVE A CLOSE
RELATIONSHIP.
As she holds up an orange ball, she says SO THE FIRST SHAPE THAT'S 3D
IS A SPHERE.
A SPHERE HAS A CIRCLE
INSIDE IT.
SO IT'S MADE UP OF A CIRCLE.
She picks up a party hat and says THE NEXT ONE IS A CONE.
A CONE HAS A CIRCLE
AND A CURVED RECTANGLE
THAT GOES AROUND.
She picks up a Pringles container and says WE HAVE A CYLINDER HERE.
A CYLINDER IS MADE UP
OF TWO CIRCLES
AND ONE CURVED RECTANGLE.
She picks up a Rubik's cube and says WE ALSO HAVE
A RUBIK'S CUBE HERE,
WHICH I NEVER CAN DO.
HOPEFULLY YOU CAN.
BUT IN THIS RUBIK'S CUBE,
WE HAVE SQUARES THAT MAKE UP
EACH SHAPE.
NOW, A LITTLE BIT OF A FUN FACT
ABOUT PRISMS AND PYRAMIDS.
SOMETHING TO REMEMBER SO THAT
WHEN YOU'RE NAMING SHAPES,
IT BECOMES A LITTLE BIT
EASIER FOR YOU.
She picks up a pack of Toblerone and says THIS IS A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
THE REASON WHY IT'S A PRISM
IS BECAUSE
THERE ARE RECTANGLES
THAT MAKE UP ITS SIDES.
She picks up a wooden box in the same shape as the Toblerone container and says CAN YOU SEE THE RECTANGLE?
HERE, HERE AND HERE.
THE REASON WHY IT'S CALLED
A TRIANGULAR PRISM
IS BECAUSE THE BASES
ARE CONGRUENT,
WHICH MEANS THAT THEY ARE
THE SAME.
AND THEY'RE ALSO
TRIANGLES.
Pointing at the Toblerone container, she says THIS CHOCOLATE BAR'S BASES
ARE CONGRUENT
AND TRIANGLES.
PYRAMIDS, ON THE OTHER HAND...
She picks up a small pale blue pyramid and says HERE...
ARE MADE UP OF TRIANGLES
AS THE SIDES.
BUT WE STILL NAME THE PYRAMID
BASED OFF OF THEIR BASES.
She picks up a small blue pyramid, shows the square base it has, and says SO HERE,
THIS IS A SQUARE-BASED PYRAMID.
SQUARE, BECAUSE OF THIS SHAPE
OF THE 2D SHAPE
THAT MAKES ITS BASE.
AND PYRAMID,
BECAUSE IT HAS TRIANGLES
THAT MAKE UP ITS SIDES,
AS YOU CAN SEE HERE.
She picks up the other pyramid and shows its pentagonal base, then says
THIS IS A PENTAGONAL PYRAMID,
BECAUSE THE BASE
IS A PENTAGON
AND THE SIDES
ARE TRIANGULAR.
SO JUST TO RECAP,
THESE ARE PRISMS
BECAUSE THEY'RE MADE UP
OF RECTANGLES AS ITS SIDES.
AND THESE ARE PYRAMIDS,
BECAUSE THEY ARE MADE UP
OF TRIANGLES AS ITS SIDES.
THE WAY TO NAME PRISMS
AND PYRAMIDS
IS TO LOOK AT ITS BASE
AND SEE WHAT SHAPE IT IS.
She picks up a copy of Harry Potter and says SO HERE IS A BOOK.
A BOOK IS A RECTANGULAR PRISM,
BECAUSE ITS BASES
ARE RECTANGLES
AND ITS SIDES ARE RECTANGLES
AS WELL.
SO CAN YOU HELP ME OUT?
I'VE BEEN TRAVELLING A LOT,
AND I WANT YOU TO FIGURE OUT
WHAT 3D SHAPES YOU CAN FIND
IN MY TRAVEL PHOTOS.
A picture appears showing tall, rocky mountains in the background and ancient ruins in the forefront, with neat stone walls and flat grassy surfaces.
Vickita continues THIS IS MACHU PICCHU,
IN PERU.
MACHU PICCHU IS MORE
THAN 7,000 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL,
AND IS THE MOST VISITED TOURIST
DESTINATION IN PERU.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE?
A circle appears around one of the mountains and Vickita says I SEE A PYRAMID HERE.
A circle appears around one of the walls and Vickita says I SEE A RECTANGULAR PRISM
RIGHT THERE.
A circle appears around the gabled stone roof of one of the constructions and Vickita says I EVEN SEE A TRIANGULAR PRISM
WITH THE HOUSES
RIGHT THERE.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
A picture taken from a tall point of view shows a city with a large park, surrounded by buildings.
Vickita says OOH, THIS IS LISBON.
LISBON IS IN PORTUGAL.
IT'S THE CAPITAL AND THE LARGEST
CITY OF PORTUGAL.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE?
A circle appears around white roofs that look like pyramids and Vickita says I SEE SQUARE-BASED PYRAMIDS
HERE.
I SEE RECTANGULAR PRISMS
ON ALL THE BUILDINGS.
A green arrow points at a building and Vickita says
IF I USE MY IMAGINATION,
I CAN EVEN SEE SPHERES
WITH THE TREES.
DO YOU SEE IT?
A green circle appears around a tree and Vickita continues THE ROOFS ARE MADE UP
OF TRIANGULAR PRISMS.
AND FAR INTO THE CORNER,
YOU CAN SEE THAT TOWERS
ARE MADE UP OF CYLINDERS
AND CONES.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
LET'S BRING IT BACK HOME...
TO TORONTO.
A picture shows the skyline of Toronto.
Vickita says OKAY, YOU CAN HEAR
OVER 180 DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
AND DIALECTS IN TORONTO,
AS MORE THAN A THIRD
OF THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE THERE
SPEAK A LANGUAGE OTHER THAN
ENGLISH AND FRENCH.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE
IN THIS PICTURE?
I SEE A PYRAMID
ON THIS ROOF.
An orange arrow points at a pyramidal roof.
Vickita says I SEE A BUNCH OF RECTANGULAR
PRISMS IN THE BUILDINGS.
AND I SEE AN ARCH RIGHT HERE.
An orange circle appears around the entrance to a warehouse.
Vickita says AN ARCH IS NOT A SHAPE,
BUT A STRUCTURE.
MAYBE WE'LL TALK ABOUT IT
NEXT TIME.
WHY DON'T YOU TRY THIS AT HOME.
TAKE A PICTURE AND SEE
WHAT SHAPES YOU CAN SEE
AT YOUR HOUSE.
Vickita stands next to the table again, but now there are two trays on it. One reads "Polyhedron" and the other one reads "Non-polyhedron."
Vickita says OKAY, SO I HAVE A LOT OF SHAPES
ON MY TABLE.
BUT WE NEED TO LEARN
HOW TO CLASSIFY THESE SHAPES
IN ORDER TO BETTER
REMEMBER THEM.
I KNOW THAT ALL 3D SHAPES
FALL UNDER TWO CATEGORIES:
POLYHEDRONS AND NON-POLYHEDRONS.
AS YOU CAN SEE ON MY TABLE,
I HAVE A POLYHEDRON SIDE
AND A NON-POLYHEDRON SIDE.
POLYHEDRONS ARE ALL SHAPES
THAT HAVE FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
NON-POLYHEDRONS ARE ALL SHAPES
THAT HAVE CURVED EDGES.
SO, FOR EXAMPLE,
A CYLINDER HAS A CURVED EDGE.
SO I THINK IT FALLS
UNDER NON-POLYHEDRON.
BUT A CUBE HAS FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
SO IT MAY FALL
UNDER POLYHEDRON.
THE ONE I'M HAVING
THE MOST TROUBLE WITH
IS THIS IRREGULAR SHAPE.
She picks up a purple object with irregular sides.
She continues IT DOESN'T FOLLOW
ANY OF THE 2D AND 3D RULES.
IT'S IRREGULAR.
SO I DON'T KNOW
WHAT IT FALLS UNDER.
A POLYHEDRON
OR A NON-POLYHEDRON.
I THINK WE SHOULD WATCH AN
EPISODE OF
LOOK KOOL
TO FIND OUT MORE INFORMATION.
REMEMBER, WITH YOUR PENCIL
AND PAPER OR NOTEBOOK,
YOU CAN WRITE NOTES SO THAT YOU
CAN HELP ME SORT THE SHAPES
WHEN WE COME BACK.
A man with short black hair handles different objects as he screams
OCTAHEDRON.
STELLATED OCTAHEDRON.
YUMMY TORUS WITH A BITE
TAKEN OUT OF IT.
COMING UP, WE'RE GOING TO LOOK
AT SOME SUPER SURPRISING FACTS
ABOUT THE WEIRDEST SHAPES
YOU'VE EVER SEEN.
A girl says I DID NOT KNOW
THAT WAS GOING TO HAPPEN.
The man continues WE'LL MAKE A HEXAGON
WITH HIDDEN SECRETS.
WE'LL FIND OUT HOW SHAPES
THAT ARE NOT ROUND
CAN ROLL PERFECTLY,
AND GET A FEEL FOR WEIRD SHAPE
NAMES THAT ARE A CHALLENGE.
A boy screams GO, DECAHEDRON!
(SCREAMING)
The man continues ALL THAT AND MORE...
WHO'S A CUTE LITTLE
NON-POLYHEDRON? ON LOOK...
POW-POW... KOOL.
In animation, colourful 3D shapes grow out of the ground and form a city.
A cat says MEOW.
The man says LOOK...
Children say KOOL.
The logo of the show reads "Look Kool." Then the man reappears standing next to a table with several objects on it.
He says THESE ARE SOME PRETTY FAMOUS
SOLID SHAPES
OF THE NON-WEIRD VARIETY.
He points at a large dye and says GOT YOUR CUBE...
He points at other objects and says CONE,
CYLINDER, SPHERE, PYRAMID.
YOU'VE PROBABLY SEEN THESE
AROUND YOUR HOUSE
OR YOUR NEIGHBOURHOOD.
Fast clips show buildings and objects in the mentioned shapes.
The man says YUP, THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
BUT WHAT ABOUT LUMPY,
LOPSIDED GOOFY-LOOKING SHAPES?
LIKE WHAT IF I DID THIS?
He picks up a piece of plasticine, bends it into an irregular shape and says
HYAH!
IT'S WEIRD-LOOKING,
BUT IT LOOKS LIKE A SHAPE
OF SOME KIND, RIGHT?
WHAT SHOULD I CALL IT?
HOW ABOUT A BLOOPEZOID?
I WONDER IF MY BLOOPEZOID
BELONGS TO ANY GROUP OF SHAPES
IN PARTICULAR,
EVEN THOUGH IT LOOKS
TOTALLY WEIRD.
LET'S TAKE A CLOSER LOOK.
In animation, a cat made of a toaster disassembles to show its parts and reassembles immediately as a voice says DECONSTRUCT.
Now the man points at a group of 3D shapes on the table and yells DECONSTRUCT!
Three shapes float in the air and the man says WHOA!
ARE YOU SEEING
WHAT I'M SEEING?
A computerized voice says PRESENTING THE POLYHEDRON GROUP.
The man says POLYHEDRONS?
OH, I GET IT.
ALL THE FACES ON THESE SHAPES
ARE COMPLETELY FLAT,
WHICH IS WHAT MAKES THE CUBE,
THE PRISM,
AND THE PYRAMID POLYHEDRONS.
The computer says AND NOW, THE NON-POLYHEDRON GROUP.
The man says HM. WHY ARE THESE
IN A DIFFERENT GROUP?
I GET IT. THE NON-POLYHEDRONS
ALL HAVE AT LEAST ONE SIDE
THAT IS CURVED,
WHICH MAKES THE CONE,
THE CYLINDER,
AND THE SPHERE NON-POLYHEDRONS.
BUT WHAT ABOUT MY BLOOPEZOID?
WHAT GROUP WOULD BLOOPY JOIN?
WELL, HE'S GOT ONE FLAT SIDE,
BUT THE REST OF HIM
IS ALL CURVED AND BUMPY.
SO I GUESS BLOOPY WOULD JOIN
THE NON-POLYHEDRON SIDE.
The computer says AFFIRMATIVE.
BLOOPEZOID IS A NON-POLYHEDRON.
The man says OH, BLOOPY, YOU DO BELONG
TO A GROUP.
I'M SO PROUD OF YOU!
WHO'S A CUTE LITTLE
NON-POLYHEDRON?
YOU'RE THE CUTEST NON-POLYHEDRON
OUT HERE.
YOU'RE SO...
OH. HI.
ANYWAY, I'M GOING
TO INTRODUCE BLOOPY
TO SOME OTHER WEIRD SHAPES.
He points at a donut-shaped object and says THE TORUS.
He points at an object that looks like two cups stuck together by their bases and says THE HYPERBOLOID.
He points at an object that loosely resembles a soccer ball and says AND THE GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON.
I WONDER IF THESE SHAPES BELONG
TO A PARTICULAR GROUP?
The three objects float up as a caption reads "Non-polyhedrons."
The man continues SO NON-POLYHEDRONS
HAVE AT LEAST ONE SURFACE
THAT ISN'T FLAT.
AND, SO FAR AS WE CAN TELL,
NONE OF THE TORUS IS FLAT.
SO THAT'S DEFINITELY
A NON-POLYHEDRON.
AH, THE HYPERBOLOID.
NOW, THAT LOOKS LIKE A CYLINDER
THAT WENT ON A DIET.
SO IN THE HYPERBOLOID,
WE HAVE TWO FLAT SURFACES.
BUT THE MIDDLE SEEMS TO BE
ALL CURVY, LIKE AN HOURGLASS.
IT'S DEFINITELY A
NON-POLYHEDRON.
AND THE GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON
HAS A ROUND SHAPE,
SO I'M GUESSING
IT'S A NON-POLYHEDRON.
HOLD ON.
IT JUST LOOKS ROUND,
BUT IT'S ACTUALLY MADE UP
OF FLAT PENTAGONS AND HEXAGONS.
THAT MAKES IT A POLYHEDRON.
I GUESS I SHOULD HAVE
SEEN IT COMING.
GOLDBERG, POLYHEDRON.
I WONDER IF YOU COULD FIND
THESE THREE WEIRD SHAPES
HIDDEN IN EVERYDAY LIFE.
LET'S GET THE INVESTIGATORS
ON THE CASE.
An animated title reads "Investigation."
The man walks up to a large screen and two girls appear on it. Zara has dark hair and wears a red and blue hijab, and Chelsea has long wavy auburn hair and freckles.
The man says CHELSEA AND ZARA,
YOUR MISSION IS TO FIND THINGS
AROUND THE HOUSE
THAT LOOK LIKE
THESE THREE SHAPES.
Chelsea holds up a printed paper showing the shapes and says YOU MEAN THESE WEIRD SHAPES?
The man says YEAH. GO FOR IT.
Chelsea says LOOK OVER THERE.
Zara says IT LOOKS KIND OF LIKE THE HOOP.
Chelsea says IT LOOKS KIND OF LIKE
THIS HOOP WE GOT RIGHT HERE.
YOU WANT TO TAKE A PICTURE?
Zara says OKAY.
She takes a picture of a hoop as Chelsea holds it up.
The computerized voice says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
TORUS SHAPES CAN BE VERY FAT
OR VERY SKINNY,
WITH A LARGE SPACE
IN THE MIDDLE
OR ANY SIZE IN BETWEEN.
Pointing at a round table with a metal hoop in its structure, Zara says ONE HOOP HERE,
AND IT'S HOLDING UP
THE TABLE.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
Zara picks up a Goldberg Polyhedron and says HEY, THIS BALL KIND OF LOOKS
LIKE A SOCCER BALL.
The man says THAT WOULD BE A STRANGE
SOCCER BALL.
Chelsea says PROBABLY SOME SORT
OF TOY.
OR MAYBE EVEN A DOG TOY.
The man says I WOULD SAY YOU'RE RIGHT.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON IDENTIFIED.
A GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON
IS A SHAPE MADE UP
OF EXACTLY 12 PENTAGONS
AND ANY NUMBER OF HEXAGONS.
EXACTLY THREE SHAPES MEET
AT EACH VERTEX.
TO CREATE A SHAPE
THAT WILL ROLL WELL,
THERE MUST BE AT LEAST
SOME HEXAGONS.
A SOCCER BALL HAS 12 PENTAGONS
AND 20 HEXAGONS.
Zara approaches a candle base and says WELL, THIS THING LOOKS LIKE...
Chelsea says YEAH, THIS KIND OF LOOKS LIKE
THIS SHAPE WE'VE GOT HERE.
ZARA SAYS THE STAND FOR THE CANDLE.
Chelsea says YEAH.
The computer says HYPERBOLOID IDENTIFIED.
IN GEOMETRY,
THIS SHAPE IS CREATED
BY TWISTING ONE END
OF A CYLINDER,
WHICH CAUSES THE CENTRE
TO DRAW INWARD.
Chelsea says OH, LOOK.
I SEE DOUGHNUTS.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
Chelsea points at a table and says LOOK OVER THERE.
Zara says IT LOOKS LIKE...
Chelsea picks up a toy in the shape of an hourglass and says IT LOOKS EXACTLY
LIKE THIS ONE.
The computer says HYPERBOLOID IDENTIFIED
The man says YOU GUYS SURE FOUND A LOT
OF WEIRD SHAPES.
SO, OF ALL THE OBJECTS
YOU FOUND TODAY,
WHAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE?
Both girls appear on the screen and says DOUGHNUTS!
They eat doughnuts.
The man says LIKE I EVEN HAD TO ASK.
ME TOO.
Music plays. In animation, a square-based pyramid and a cube dance together. A torus approaches and the other shapes make fun of it.
(MUSIC STOPS)
(LAUGHING)
The torus holds hands through the hole in its center and dances spinning around.
(MUSIC RESUMES)
The other shapes say WHOA.
(CHEERING)
(GROWLING)
They look happy and congratulate the torus.
The man says NOT ALL TORUS TASTE GOOD.
BUT HERE'S A TASTY IDEA.
CHECK OUT THIS SHAPE.
He picks up a small pink object that looks like a guitar pick and says IT'S CALLED A REULEAUX TRIANGLE.
THIS JUST LOOKS LIKE
A ROUNDED TRIANGLE, RIGHT?
NOTHING TOO WEIRD ABOUT IT.
WRONG! COOL CAT IS GOING
TO HELP ME DEMONSTRATE.
The toaster cat meows.
The man says WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF WE REPLACED
COOL CAT'S WHEELS
WITH FOUR OF THESE TRIANGLES?
(MEOWING)
The man says AH, TA-DA!
SO, YOU THINK COOL CAT'S IN
FOR A BUMPY RIDE?
Cool cat now has rounded triangles instead of wheels.
He moves perfectly.
The man says WHOA! THE REULEAUX
TRIANGLES ROLL
JUST LIKE PERFECTLY ROUND
WHEELS.
OH, BOY, I JUST CAN'T WAIT
TO START PLAYING
WITH SOME OTHER WEIRD SHAPES.
LIKE THIS.
He picks up a 3D version of the Reuleaux Triangle and says IT'S THE SAME SHAPE,
EXCEPT 3D.
THIS IS A ROUNDED PYRAMID.
(MEWLING)
The man says LET'S SEE WHAT WOULD HAPPEN
IF I PUT A FLAT SURFACE ON TOP
AND TRIED TO ROLL IT AROUND.
He places a piece of glass on top of four of the objects and it moves perfectly smoothly.
The man says THESE WEIRD SHAPES
ARE MOVING AROUND
JUST LIKE THEY'RE
PERFECTLY ROUND.
(MEOWING)
The man says EXCEPT THEY'RE NOT ROUND.
WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
The computer says THESE ARE CALLED SHAPES
OF CONSTANT WIDTH.
THEY BEHAVE JUST LIKE
A CIRCLE OR A SPHERE,
BECAUSE THE SHAPE ALWAYS HAS
THE SAME DIAMETER,
NO MATTER HOW YOU TURN IT.
The man says SO, WHAT DO YOU THINK,
COOL CAT?
YOU WANT TO KEEP
YOUR NEW WHEELS?
Cool cat nods.
The man says I THINK THAT'S A YES.
SINCE OUR INVESTIGATORS
CHOSE A DOUGHNUT
AS THEIR FAVOURITE
WEIRD SHAPE,
TODAY WE HAVE DONNY THE DOUGHNUT
KING AS OUR GUEST.
THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR COMING, DONNY.
He sits in an armchair next to a man identical to himself, who wears a white chef's shirt and a black hat.
Donny says YEAH, OH, FORGET ABOUT IT.
GOOD BEING HERE.
The man says I HEAR YOU HAVE A REAL PASSION
FOR DOUGHNUTS.
Donny says WELL, THEY'RE CALLED
TORUSES, ACTUALLY.
I MEAN, NOT THIS ONE ANYMORE.
BUT THERE'S NOTHING MORE
DELICIOUS THAN A TORUS.
I MEAN, DEEP-FRIED,
YOU PUT A LITTLE
POWDERED SUGAR ON IT. POW!
BUT HERE'S THE THING:
A TORUS IS MORE
THAN JUST A DELICIOUS PASTRY.
THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
YOU SEE THIS HULA-HOOP?
DA-DA-DA-DA-DA
IT'S IN THE SHAPE OF A TORUS.
POW!
YOU SEE THIS HURRICANE?
IT'S SHAPED LIKE A TORUS.
POW! BELUGA WHALES.
THEY CAN BLOW BUBBLES
IN THE SHAPE OF A TORUS.
POW!
The man says WOW!
Donny says NO, IT'S "POW,"
WITH A P.
YOU'LL GET IT.
ANYWAY, THERE'S THIS THEORY
THAT THE ENTIRETY
OF THE GINORMOUS UNIVERSE
IS SHAPED LIKE...
The man says A TORUS!
Donny says POW! POW!
THAT'S SO COOL.
The man says ARE THERE ANY OTHER WEIRD SHAPES
THAT YOU CAN TELL ME ABOUT?
Donny says ARE YOU KIDDING ME?
I JUST TOLD YOU THE ENTIRETY
OF THE UNIVERSE
IS SHAPED LIKE A TORUS,
AND YOU WANT TO HEAR
ABOUT SOME OTHER SHAPES.
The man says I'M SORRY, I DIDN'T MEAN
TO OFFEND...
Donny laughs and says I'M JUST PULLING YOUR LEG.
OH, YOU SHOULD LOOK
AT YOUR FACE.
THERE'S ONE CALLED
THE KLEIN BOTTLE
THAT'S PRETTY WEIRD.
ITS INSIDE IS JUST LIKE
ITS OUTSIDE,
SO ESSENTIALLY
IT ONLY HAS ONE SIDE
THAT KEEPS TURNING
INTO ITSELF.
A 3D drawing shows the shape.
The man says THAT'S MIND-BOGGLING.
Donny says THERE'S ANOTHER WEIRD SHAPE,
CALLED THE GOMBOC.
THE SURFACE OF IT MAKES IT SO
THAT YOU CAN NEVER KNOCK
IT OVER.
IT ALWAYS LANDS
RIGHT-SIDE UP.
YOU KNOW, THERE ARE
SOME TURTLES
WHERE THE SHELL'S
SHAPED LIKE A GOMBOC
TO HELP THEM GET BACK
TO THEIR FEET
IF THEY EVER GET FLIPPED OVER.
A picture shows a turtle in the shape of a gömböc, which falls on its back and immediately flips around to have its paws on the ground.
The man says SAY WHAT?
Donny says YEAH.
AND HERE'S SOMETHING
THAT'S REALLY COOL.
THERE'S A TYPE OF MATH,
CALLED TOPOLOGY,
WHERE YOU CAN TAKE A SHAPE
AND CHANGE IT
TO SOMETHING REALLY WEIRD BY
STRETCHING IT AND TWISTING IT.
SO YOU CAN TAKE THIS TORUS
AND SHAPE IT INTO...
POW-POW!
A COFFEE MUG.
POW!
The man says AH, I KNEW SOMEHOW YOU'D BRING
IT BACK TO COFFEE AND DOUGHNUTS.
Donny says HEY, WHOA, I'M DONNY
THE DOUGHNUT KING.
POW! POW! POW! POW! POW!
(SIGHING)
THAT'S WHAT I'M TALKING ABOUT.
The man says POW! I MEAN, I KNOW
THAT'S YOUR THING,
BUT I JUST LIKE IT
SO MUCH.
Donny says POW-POW!
(MUSIC PLAYING)
The shapes seen before dance together and inflate temporarily.
(INHALING AND BLOWING)
(MUSIC STOPS)
(INHALING)
The torus inhales and becomes a mug.
(MUSIC RESUMES)
An animated title reads "Challenge."
The man stands outdoors and says TODAY'S CHALLENGE
IS A MYSTERY.
AND TO HELP ME SOLVE IT,
I HAVE LEXI AND ALYSSA,
TEAM YELLOW.
Two girls yell WHOO! YELLOW!
WHOO! YELLOW!
The man says AND TO MY RIGHT SIDE,
I HAVE ETHAN AND AIDAN.
TEAM BLUE.
Two boys yell WHOO! WHOO! TEAM BLUE, YEAH!
WHOO! WHOO! TEAM BLUE, YEAH!
The man says NOW, YOU GUYS READY
TO HELP ME SOLVE THIS MYSTERY?
The four children say YEAH!
ALL RIGHT.
WELL, FOLLOW ME.
OKAY, SO WE HAVE IN FRONT OF US
TWO MYSTERY BOXES.
AND I'M GOING TO PUT THE SAME
SHAPE IN EACH MYSTERY BOX.
YOU CAN'T SEE IT,
SO YOU'LL HAVE TO GUESS
THE SHAPE BY TOUCHING IT.
THEN YOU'RE GOING TO POINT TO IT
ON YOUR CHARTS.
YOUR PARTNER WILL RUN OVER THERE
AND CALL OUT THE NAME
WRITTEN ON THE SHAPE.
AND, REMEMBER, IT'S A RACE.
FIRST TEAM TO GET EACH SHAPE'S
NAME CORRECTLY WINS ONE POINT.
OKAY, HANDS INSIDE
THE MYSTERY BOXES,
AND AWAIT YOUR FIRST
WEIRD SHAPE.
One boy and one girl place their hands inside each mystery box. The man places a torus inside each.
ALYSSA says I KNOW IT.
The boy says IT'S NOT REALLY POINTY.
IT'S MORE LIKE A CIRCLE.
LEXI says THIS ONE?
ALL RIGHT, THIS ONE.
The man says OH, LOOKS LIKE BOTH TEAMS
ARE OFF TO THE RACES.
The boy and the girl rush over to a line of giant shapes standing nearby.
ALYSSA SAYS COME ON, LEXI.
ETHAN SAYS TORUS!
The man says YUP, AND THAT'S A TIE.
BOTH GOT TO IT
AT THE SAME TIME.
ALL RIGHT, GUYS, TIME FOR YOUR
SECOND WEIRD SHAPE.
The man places a triangular prism inside each box.
The girls say IS IT POINTY? IS IT FLAT?
POINTY.
AIDAN says THIS ONE. GO, GO, GO!
TRIANGULAR PRISM.
The man says YUP, YOU GOT IT.
TRIANGULAR PRISM.
BLUE TEAM TAKES AN EARLY LEAD.
The girls touch a different shape and one says I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
MORE CIRCULAR?
I THINK IT IS.
One of the boys says LIKE A BUNCH OF TRIANGLES.
IT'S VERY POINTY.
I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
BOTH say FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID!
The man says YUP. FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID
IS CORRECT.
THAT'S A TIE.
The teams test another shape and a boy says THIS ONE.
The man says YOU BOTH GOT TO IT
AT THE SAME TIME?
BOTH kids say OCTAHEDRON!
The man says YUP. OCTAHEDRON.
YEAH, YOU GOT IT.
WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO CALL
THAT ONE A TIE.
OKAY, SO AFTER
FOUR WEIRD SHAPES,
IT'S TEAM BLUE
LEADING WITH FOUR,
AND YELLOW A CLOSE SECOND
WITH THREE.
WE'LL BE RIGHT BACK WITH THE
LOOK KOOL WEIRD SHAPE CHALLENGE.
ARE YOU GUYS PUMPED UP?
The kids say YEAH!
The man says OKAY!
Now in a music video the man dances and sings as the shapes seen before appear around him.
He sings HYPERBOLOIDS, GOMBOCS TOO
HEMIHELIX,
TORUS MAKES ME DROOL
STELLATED DODECAHEDRON
AND THEN THERE'S
GOLDBERG'S POLYHEDRON
THERE'S ALL WEIRD SHAPES
SO BEAUTIFUL
SOLID 3D SHAPES SO COOL
SOME HAVE FIVE SIDES
AND SOME HAVE CURVES
EVERY WEIRD SHAPE
FITS THOSE RULES
WHAT ARE THE WEIRD SHAPES?
GREAT DITRIGONAL
DODECICOSIDODECAHEDRON
LOOKS SO COOL, YOU KNOW,
DODECAHEMIDODECAHEDRON
WHAT ARE THE WEIRD SHAPES?
PENTAGONAL GYROBICUPOLA
PENTAGONAL GYROCUPOLAROTUNDA
THOSE ARE SOME WEIRD
SHAPE NAMES.
An animated slate reads "Brain bender."
The man says SOME SHAPES ARE MADE BY
COMBINING OTHER SMALLER SHAPES.
In animation, 6 complicated 3D shapes appear on screen.
The man says TODAY, OUR PUZZLERS
WILL HAVE TO FIRST DECIDE
WHICH OF THESE SIX SHAPES
CAN BE MADE
BY COMBINING ALL
OF THE BLUE PIECES.
AND THEN MAKE THAT SHAPE.
OUR VOLUNTEERS
ARE MATTHEW AND VICTORIA.
GO FOR IT, GUYS.
MATTHEW SAYS START WITH THAT ONE.
VICTORIA SAYS OKAY.
As they handle 3D pieces and look at the desired 3D shapes on a printed page, MATTHEW says
WELL, WE ALREADY
HAVE THIS SHAPE.
WE HAVE TO ADD
THE TRIANGLES,
BUT WE CAN'T,
BECAUSE WE ALREADY HAVE IT.
YEAH, THAT ONE CAN'T WORK.
Victoria says WE COULD TRY THE CUBE.
MATTHEW says SO FOR THE CUBE,
WE NEED TO HAVE FLAT SIDES.
AND THEY NEED TO BE SQUARE.
SO IT CAN'T
BE THE CUBE EITHER.
LET'S TRY THIS PINK ONE.
VICTORIA SAYS SURE.
Victoria says YOU HAVE A POINT
AT THE TOP.
MATTHEW says
WE HAVE FOUR SIDES
IN FRONT OF US.
AND IF WE'RE LOOKING AT IT
THAT WAY,
WE CAN ONLY HAVE TWO SIDES,
OR THREE.
SO IT CAN'T BE THAT ONE.
VICTORIA says
THIS WEIRD SHAPE?
MATTHEW says
THIS ONE HAS ONE, TWO,
THREE SIDES.
VICTORIA says
BUT THIS ONE HAS FOUR SIDES.
ONE, TWO, THREE, FOUR.
Matthew says SO THAT ONE
CAN'T BE RIGHT EITHER.
THIS ONE ACTUALLY
LOOKS PRETTY CLOSE.
BUT THEN AGAIN,
WE HAVE TO ADD SHAPES ON.
WE CAN'T ALREADY BE USING THIS
AS OUR FINAL ONE.
Victoria says SO WE ONLY HAVE
ONE SHAPE LEFT,
WHICH IS THIS SHAPE.
Matthew says IT'S THIS WEIRD SHAPE.
Victoria says YEAH, I THINK IT'S THAT ONE.
Matthew says YEAH.
The man says WELL, LET'S FIND OUT
IF YOU'RE RIGHT.
ASSEMBLE YOUR BLUE SHAPES
TOGETHER.
Matthew says WELL, IT STARTS OFF
WITH THE POINTY PART ON TOP.
Victoria says AND THEN WE HAVE ONE
POINTING...
AT THE FRONT.
SO WE HAVE THAT.
Matthew says BUT WE HAVE ONE LEFT.
I THINK WE GOT IT. YOU?
VICTORIA says
I THINK IT LOOKS THE SAME.
The man says GREAT JOB.
I LIKE THE WAY YOU THINK.
THANKS, VICTORIA.
THANKS, MATTHEW.
Both kids say BYE.
The man says THEIR BRAINS ARE DEFINITELY
IN GREAT SHAPE.
GREAT WEIRD SHAPE, HUH?
An animated slate reads "Challenge."
Back to the outdoors, The man says FOUR MORE SHAPES TO GO.
ARE YOU GUYS READY?
The boys say YEAH, WE'RE READY!
The man says OKAY. LET'S GET TO IT.
As the kids touch other shapes, The man says OH, IT'S NECK AND NECK!
A girl yells FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID!
(SCREAMING)
The girl says I THINK.
The man says SORRY, THAT IS INCORRECT.
The girl says OH.
OCTAHEDRON.
The man says NO!
The girl says TETRAHEDRON!
TETRAHEDRON!
OCTAHEDRON!
The man says ALL RIGHT, WELL, A LITTLE BIT
FOR THE PRONUNCIATION,
BUT YELLOW TEAM'S GOT IT,
WITH TETRAHEDRON.
ALL RIGHT, COME ON BACK
FOR YOUR NEXT SHAPE.
The girl says OH, I ACTUALLY
TIED IT UP!
THIS ONE.
The man says AND THEY'RE RUNNING.
THEY'RE RUNNING.
LEXI says DODECAHEDRON!
The man says BOTH GOT THERE RELATIVELY
AT THE SAME TIME.
THEY SAID IT
AT THE SAME TIME.
IT'S ALL TIED UP
AT FIVE EACH.
A boy says ALMOST LIKE A BUNCH
OF TRIANGLES.
IT'S VERY POINTY.
I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
ALYSSA says IT'S THAT ONE!
COME ON, COME ON,
COME ON.
One boy and one girl rush over to a star shape and yell STAR TETRAHEDRON.
The man says THAT WAS A TIE AS WELL.
THIS IS SO CLOSE.
COME ON BACK.
ALL TIED UP AT SIX.
ONE MORE SHAPE TO GO.
THIS ONE DECIDES THE WINNER.
AIDAN says THIS ONE.
The man says OH, AND IT'S CLOSE.
A boy and a girl yell ICOSAHEDRON!
The man says AND IT'S A TIE AS WELL.
WOW, EXCELLENT.
COME ON BACK.
WOW, EXCELLENT JOB,
BOTH TEAMS.
NOW, BLUE TEAM WAS WINNING IT
AT THE END OF THE FIRST ROUND,
AND THEN YELLOW TEAM TIES IT UP
IN THE SECOND ROUND.
AND THAT ICOSAHEDRON
WAS ALSO A TIE.
IT'S A TIE.
IT'S AN ABSOLUTE TIE.
CONGRATULATIONS FOR BOTH TEAMS.
BOTH TEAMS NOW.
TEAM BLUE, WHAT WAS THE HARDEST
PART ABOUT THIS CHALLENGE?
One of the boys says I THINK WE CAN AGREE
ON THE COMPETITION, THE RACING.
IT'S ALL ABOUT THE SPEED,
RIGHT?
The man says AND TEAM YELLOW,
WHAT WAS THE HARDEST PART
ABOUT THIS CHALLENGE?
One girl says NAMING THE NAMES.
The man says OKAY.
The other girl says AND SAYING THEM OUT LOUD.
The man says SINCE IT WAS A TIE,
I'VE GOT ONE MORE SPECIAL
WEIRD SHAPE FOR YOU GUYS
AS A PRIZE.
OKAY, THREE, TWO, ONE, GO.
The kids say OH. EW. IT'S A DOUGHNUT.
The man says DOUGHNUT!
YOU ALL GET YOUR VERY OWN
SPECIAL TORUS.
ISN'T IT DELICIOUS?
(LAUGHING)
He eats and says MM!
YOU WANT SOME?
A boy says I'M GOOD.
(LAUGHING)
An animated slate reads "Hands-on."
A picture shows a young man with short-cropped hair.
The man says FRANCIS IS AN ENGINEER
WHO UNDERSTANDS 3D STRUCTURES
AND HOW THEY WORK.
ENGINEERS OFTEN WORK
WITH SOME WEIRD SHAPES,
BECAUSE THEY CAN OFFER
SOME PRETTY FUN SOLUTIONS
WHEN BUILDING STRUCTURES.
Francis stands outdoors next to Chelsea and Zara.
He says I WANT TO ASK YOU GUYS
IF YOU'VE EVER SEEN
OR HEARD ABOUT A SHAPE
THAT HAS NO FRONT, NO BACK,
NO BEGINNING, NO END.
WHAT I WANT TO SHOW YOU GUYS IS
SOMETHING CALLED A MOBIUS STRIP.
HOW WOULD YOU MAKE
A REGULAR BAND?
ZARA SAYS THAT?
They make a band using a strip of paper.
FRANCIS SAYS YEAH, JUST CONNECT IT.
WE'RE GOING TO TAKE ONE EDGE
AND TURN IT HALFWAY.
EXACTLY LIKE THAT.
SO LOOK AT THAT SHAPE.
Chelsea says IT KIND OF LIKE SEEMS LIKE
A ROLLER COASTER, IN A WAY.
The COMPUTER says
A MOBIUS STRIP LOOK LIKE
IT HAS TWO SIDES,
BUT, BECAUSE OF THE TWIST,
BOTH SIDES OF THE PAPER
ARE CONNECTED.
IT ONLY HAS ONE SIDE.
CUT A REGULAR BAND IN HALF
AND YOU GET TWO PIECES.
BUT CUT A MOBIUS STRIP IN HALF,
AND YOU GET A VERY
STRANGE RESULT.
LET'S SEE. LET'S CUT IT
AND LET'S SEE WHAT HAPPENS.
As the girls cut along their mobius strips, Francis says I'M VERY EXCITED TO SEE
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN.
CHELSEA SAYS YEAH.
ZARA SAYS IT BECAME ONE BIG ONE.
Chelsea says OH, YEAH.
FRANCIS says YOU GOT ONE BIG ONE?
ISN'T THAT WEIRD?
SO NOW IT HAS BECOME
THE BIG, FAT CIRCLE,
WHATEVER YOU WANT TO CALL IT.
WHICH IT'S STILL TWISTED,
RIGHT?
Chelsea says SEE, LOOK, THERE'S STILL
THAT LITTLE SPIRAL OVER THERE.
Francis says I WANT YOU GUYS TO TRY
SOMETHING DIFFERENT THIS TIME.
WE'RE GOING TO MAKE
ANOTHER MOBIUS STRIP,
THE SAME WAY YOU DID IT
THE FIRST TIME.
BUT INSTEAD OF CUTTING IT
DOWN THE MIDDLE,
WE'RE GOING TO CUT IT
CLOSER TO THE EDGE.
The computer says CUTTING A MOBIUS STRIP
ALONG ITS EDGE
GIVES ANOTHER WEIRD RESULT.
FRANCIS says TRY TO STAY ON THE EDGE.
WHAT DO YOU HAVE?
WHAT'S THAT?
Zara says A CIRCLE
WITH ANOTHER BIG
OVAL HANGING.
WE STARTED WITH ONE
MOBIUS STRIP.
SO HOW DID IT BECOME ONE OVAL
AND A CIRCLE ATTACHED TOGETHER?
FRANCIS says HERE'S THE WEIRD THING
ABOUT MOBIUS STRIPS.
THEY ONLY HAVE ONE EDGE.
SO WHEN WE CUT DOWN THE MIDDLE,
WE JUST OPENED IT UP
AND MADE IT LONGER, BASICALLY.
BUT WHEN WE CUT
ALONG THE EDGE,
WE ACTUALLY CREATED
TWO MOBIUS STRIPS.
AND SO IT'S ALMOST AS IF
THERE'S AN INFINITE AMOUNT
OF MOBIUS STRIPS
INSIDE THE MOBIUS STRIP.
The man appears and says MOBIUS STRIPS ARE TOTALLY TWISTED.
FRANCIS says I GOT ANOTHER COOL SHAPE
TO SHOW YOU GUYS.
WE CALL THEM HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGONS.
The girls say WHAT?
Francis says I GOT SOME RIGHT HERE.
CHECK THIS OUT.
He shows them a 3D shape made of triangles that folds into itself.
They say WHAT?
LIKE...
PUT IT INSIDE
AND THEN YOU BRING IT OUT?
The computer says THE HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGON
HAS SOME VERY SURPRISING
PROPERTIES.
YOU CAN MAKE ONE BY FOLDING
A STRIP OF PAPER
INTO 19 TRIANGLES
AND ATTACHING THE ENDS
TOGETHER.
THE HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGON
HAS TWO SIDES,
BUT HIDDEN INSIDE ARE ACTUALLY
SIX DIFFERENT FACES,
WHICH YOU CAN DISCOVER
IF YOU COLOUR EACH ONE
AS YOU FLEX IT.
As the group appears on the screen, the man in the lab says HEY, INVESTIGATORS,
DID YOU HAVE ANY IDEA
THAT YOU COULD MAKE
SUCH INTERESTING,
WEIRD SHAPES OUT OF PAPER?
BOTH girls say NO.
The man says WHAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE SHAPE?
Chelsea says THE HEXAFLEXAGON.
Zara says HOW IT WOULD, LIKE,
CHANGE COLOURS
WHEN YOU WOULD PUT THEM
INSIDE OUT.
The man says I THINK THESE HEXAFLEXAGONS
ARE MY NEW BEST FRIENDS.
BOTH girls say BUT WHAT ABOUT COOL CAT?
(MEOWING)
The man says OH, I'M ONLY KIDDING.
YOU'RE MY BEST FRIEND,
COOL CAT.
Cool cat meows happily.
The man says THANKS. SEE YOU LATER.
Francis and the girls say BYE, HAMZA.
The three shapes dance together. The torus hits a rock and explodes.
(LAUGHTER)
It uses a band-aid to fix itself and turns into a mobius strip.
The other say WHOA.
WHOA.
The man, Hamza, says OH, MAN, I CAN'T BELIEVE
HOW COOL WEIRD SHAPES ARE.
AND THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
THERE'S A WEIRD SHAPE.
THERE'S ANOTHER WEIRD SHAPE.
HELLO, MR. WEIRD SHAPE.
HOW ARE YOU DOING TODAY?
GOOD, I HOPE.
EXCELLENT.
EVEN YOU, COOL CAT.
YOU'RE A WEIRD SHAPE.
I DIDN'T MEAN THAT
IN A BAD WAY.
BUT YOU ARE A WEIRD SHAPE.
AND LOOK AT YOUR NEW WHEELS.
THOSE REULEAUX TRIANGLES,
DEFINITELY A WEIRD SHAPE.
AND DEFINITELY COOL.
POLYHEDRONS,
NON-POLYHEDRONS.
EVEN SHAPES THAT SEEM TO BEHAVE
IN THE MOST MAGICAL WAYS
HAVE A PERFECTLY MATHEMATICAL
EXPLANATION FOR HOW THEY WORK.
HERE'S THE REALLY COOL THING.
THE WEIRDEST SHAPES
EVER DISCOVERED
CAN STILL BE UNDERSTOOD
USING THE RULES OF GEOMETRY.
MAN, I CAN'T WAIT TO START
INVENTING MORE WEIRD SHAPES.
THAT'S IT, COOL CAT.
GO GET SOME MORE
PAPER STRIPS.
I'M GOING TO GO GET
SOME MORE PLASTICINE.
BLOOPY, YOU'RE GETTING
A FRIEND.
SEE YOU NEXT TIME, ON MORE
LOOK KOOL.
The end credits roll.
(GIGGLING)
Teacher Vickita reappears.
She says OKAY, SO WHILE YOU WERE WATCHING
LOOK KOOL,
I ORGANIZED THE SHAPES INTO TWO
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES: NON-POLYHEDRONS
AND POLYHEDRONS.
THANKS TO THE CLIP WITH
LOOK KOOL,
I FOUND OUT THAT
IRREGULAR SHAPES,
LIKE THIS ONE...
She picks up the weird purple shape and says ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS,
BECAUSE THEY STILL
HAVE CURVES IN THEM,
AS YOU CAN SEE.
SO ALL OF MY SHAPES
THAT HAVE STRAIGHT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES
WENT INTO THE POLYHEDRON SIDE,
AS YOU CAN SEE.
SO THOSE ARE ALL MY PRISM,
MY CUBE.
ALL OF IT.
AND MY PYRAMIDS.
THE NEXT SIDE WAS
NON-POLYHEDRONS.
AS YOU CAN SEE, ALL MY CURVED
SHAPES ARE ALL HERE,
INCLUDING THE SPHERE,
WHICH HAS FALLEN DOWN.
RIGHT HERE.
THE SPHERE IS RIGHT HERE.
SO AS YOU CAN SEE,
ALL OF THESE SHAPES
ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS.
SO NOW, WE'RE GOING
TO BE FOCUSSING
ON HOW TO CLASSIFY THEM
EVEN FURTHER,
BECAUSE AS YOU CAN SEE,
THERE ARE STILL TWO
VERY BIG PILES ON EITHER SIDE.
SO WE HAVE TO FURTHER ORGANIZE
THESE SHAPES
IN ORDER FOR US
TO REMEMBER THEM BETTER.
SO THE WAY TO DO THAT
IS TO LOOK AT THE FACES,
EDGES AND VERTICES
OF EACH SHAPE,
AND CLASSIFY THEM BASED
OFF OF THESE THREE PROPERTIES.
SO THIS IS CALLED
PROPERTIES OF 3D SHAPES.
LET ME GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE.
A CUBE.
She picks up a Rubik's cube and says
SO A FACE ARE THE 2D SHAPES
WITHIN THE 3D SHAPE
THAT IS FACING YOU.
IT'S AN EASY WAY
TO REMEMBER.
As she points at the faces of the cube, she says SO HERE, A CUBE HAS ONE,
TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE, SIX SQUARES
WITHIN IT.
EDGES, ON THE OTHER HAND,
ARE A LINE IS THE LINE
THAT CONNECTS TWO FACES.
SO FOR A CUBE,
THERE ARE ONE, TWO,
THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX,
SEVEN, EIGHT, NINE, TEN,
ELEVEN AND TWELVE EDGES.
VERTICES, ON THE OTHER HAND,
ARE CORNERS,
ESSENTIALLY CORNERS,
IF YOU WANT
TO REMEMBER IT BETTER.
BUT IT'S WHERE
THE LINE SEGMENTS MEET.
SO IT'S THE CORNER.
ON A CUBE,
WE HAVE ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE, SIX, SEVEN,
EIGHT CORNERS.
BUT WHAT ABOUT SHAPES
THAT ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS?
IT'S EASIER TO CALCULATE
ALL OF THESE
WHEN YOU HAVE A SHAPE
THAT'S A POLYHEDRON,
WITH FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
SO FOR NON-POLYHEDRONS,
LET'S SAY A CYLINDER...
She picks up a container of Pringles and continues
YOU HAVE THREE SHAPES, RIGHT?
TWO CIRCLES AND ONE RECTANGLE
THAT'S BEEN WRAPPED AROUND,
SO CURVED.
SO IN THIS WAY,
WE HAVE THREE FACES,
BECAUSE THERE ARE THREE
2D SHAPES WITHIN THIS SHAPE.
IN TERMS OF EDGES,
WE HAVE TWO.
ONE EDGE...
AND ANOTHER EDGE
THAT CONNECTS THE SHAPES.
BUT DOES THIS SHAPE
HAVE ANY VERTICES?
ARE THERE ANY CORNERS
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES?
ZERO VERTICES.
ANOTHER THING TO REMEMBER
IS THAT VERTICES IS THE PLURAL
OF "VERTEX."
SO A VERTEX IS ONE POINT,
VERSUS VERTICES ARE MANY.
OKAY, SO LET'S TRY THIS
ON OUR OWN.
REMEMBER, WE HAVE FACES,
EDGES AND VERTICES.
FACES ARE THE 2D SHAPES
WITHIN THE SHAPE THAT IS 3D.
EDGES ARE THE FLAT LINES
THAT CONNECT TWO FACES.
AND VERTICES ARE THE POINTS
AT WHICH TWO EDGES MEET.
SO IT'S A POINT.
IT'S A CORNER. OKAY?
She picks up the wooden box in the shape of a triangular prism and says
SO HERE, OUR FIRST SHAPE
IS A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
REMEMBER, IT'S A PRISM BECAUSE
IT'S MADE UP OF RECTANGLES,
AND IT HAS TWO
CONGRUENT BASES.
SO IF YOU HAVE A PEN
OR A PENCIL AND A NOTEBOOK,
YOU CAN WRITE IT DOWN
WHILE I'M TALKING.
HOW MANY FACES DO YOU THINK
THIS SHAPE HAS?
OKAY, LET'S COUNT OUT HOW MANY
2D SHAPES THERE ARE IN HERE.
ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR AND FIVE.
SO THERE ARE FIVE FACES
IN A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
NEXT, LET'S LOOK AT THE EDGES.
REMEMBER, THE EDGES ARE THE
LINES THAT CONNECT TWO FACES.
SO WE HAVE ONE, TWO,
THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX,
SEVEN, EIGHT,
AND THEN NINE.
SO THERE ARE NINE EDGES
TO A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
NEXT, LET'S LOOK AT THE VERTEX,
OR THE VERTICES.
SO, VERTICES ARE THE POINTS
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES TOGETHER.
DO YOU SEE THAT?
SO LET'S COUNT THE POINTS.
LET'S COUNT THE VERTICES.
SO WE HAVE ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE AND SIX.
SO THERE ARE SIX VERTICES
IN THIS SHAPE.
SO, ONCE AGAIN,
FIVE FACES...
NINE EDGES...
AND SIX VERTICES.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
A SPHERE.
She picks up the orange ball and says SO A SPHERE IS JUST MADE UP
OF ONE SHAPE.
CAN YOU GUESS WHAT IT IS?
I TALKED ABOUT IT
AT THE BEGINNING.
IT'S A CIRCLE.
SO IF IT'S JUST ONE SHAPE,
THEN IT'S ONLY ONE FACE.
ARE THERE ANY EDGES?
NO.
ZERO.
ARE THERE ANY VERTICES?
DO YOU SEE ANY?
NO. IT'S A CIRCULAR SPHERE.
SO YOU WON'T SEE
ANY VERTICES.
SO IT'S ONLY ONE FACE,
ZERO EDGES AND ZERO VERTICES.
LET'S LOOK AT THE CONE HERE.
She picks up a party hat and says
WELL, WE HAVE A CIRCLE.
AND WE HAVE THE RECTANGLE
THAT GOES AROUND.
SO THAT MEANS
IT HAS TWO FACES.
I THINK IT HAS ONE EDGE,
BECAUSE THE CIRCLE
IS CONNECTED TO THE RECTANGLE.
DO YOU SEE HERE?
ONE EDGE.
DOES IT HAVE ANY VERTICES?
NOPE.
EVEN THOUGH THERE IS
A POINT HERE,
THIS IS JUST ONE SHAPE.
IF YOU TAKE YOUR CONE APART,
YOU'LL SEE JUST ONE FULL
RECTANGULAR SHAPE.
SO IF YOU SEE HERE,
THERE ARE NO VERTICES
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES TOGETHER.
SO THAT'S OUR GAME.
AND I HOPE YOU HAD FUN.
UNFORTUNATELY, OUR TIME HAS COME
TO AN END.
BUT I REALLY ENJOYED
TEACHING YOU,
AND I CAN'T WAIT
TO BE BACK.
I'M GOING TO END OUR LESSON WITH
A LITTLE BIT OF A CHALLENGE.
FIND 3D OBJECTS AROUND YOUR HOME
AND TRY TO CLASSIFY THE SHAPES
ACCORDING TO THEIR PROPERTIES.
OR, BETTER YET,
GIVE THIS LESSON
TO SOMEBODY THAT YOU KNOW
INSIDE YOUR HOME.
REMEMBER, ALL THE SHAPES
THAT I USED
WERE FOUND INSIDE MY HOME.
SO I KNOW THAT YOU CAN
DO IT TOO.
BYE, EVERYONE.
(soft music plays)
A caption reads "Copyright 2020, The Ontario Educational Communications Authority."
An animated title against a sunny sky reads "TVOKids Power Hour of Learning."
In off, Laura says WELCOME TO TVOKIDS
POWER HOUR OF LEARNING.
Teacher Vickita stands in a kitchen. She's in her twenties, with long wavy dark hair. She's wearing a black turtleneck shirt.
A caption appears on screen. It reads "Teacher Vickita. Junior 4-6."
Vickita says HELLO, AND WELCOME TO
POWER HOUR OF LEARNING.
MY NAME IS TEACHER VICKITA,
AND I'M SO EXCITED
TO BE WITH YOU ALL TODAY.
BEFORE WE GET STARTED,
LET'S GET INTO
THE RIGHT MINDSET
WITH SOME MINDFULNESS ACTIVITIES
WITH MY FRIEND, TEACHER BUSHRA.
SHE'S GOING TO HELP US
CALM OURSELVES DOWN
AND FIND A SAFE PLACE
TO LEARN.
TEACHER BUSHRA?
The caption changes to "Teacher Bushra. Junior 4-6."
Teacher Bushra is in her twenties, with shoulder-length brown hair. She's wearing black leggings and a gray shirt. She stands on black and white a sticky mat inside a room with gray walls.
She says HELLO THERE, EVERYONE.
IT'S TEACHER BUSHRA HERE.
HERE TO HELP YOU GET YOUR MINDS
AND YOUR BODIES
READY TO LEARN
WITH TEACHER VICKITA.
SO WHEN YOU'RE READY,
FIND A SPOT SOMEWHERE CLOSE BY,
SOMEWHERE COMFORTABLE,
AND GO TAKE A SEAT.
ALL RIGHT, I HAVE MY MAT HERE.
IT'S PRETTY COMFORTABLE.
SO I'LL MOVE IT
SO YOU CAN SEE.
She sits down on the mat and says RIGHT HERE.
AWESOME.
AH.
She crosses her legs and says NOW, CROSS YOUR LEGS
IF THAT'S COMFORTABLE.
RELAX THE SHOULDER.
RELAX THE ARMS.
SO YOU CAN HAVE YOUR ARMS
AT THE SIDE
OR IN YOUR LAP.
FOR ME, IT'S MORE COMFORTABLE
IN MY LAP,
SO THAT'S WHAT
I'M GOING TO DO.
ALL RIGHT, SO SITTING
NICE AND TALL,
WE'RE GOING TO DO SOME
BREATHING EXERCISES
TO GET THE BRAIN READY.
SO I WANT YOU TO TAKE A DEEP
BREATH IN FOR FIVE SECONDS,
AND HOLD IT.
ALL RIGHT?
DEEP BREATH IN.
FOR FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO AND ONE.
HOLD YOUR BREATH.
AND NOW EXHALE FOR FIVE,
FOUR, THREE, TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
NICE AND SLOW NOW.
INHALE FOR FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO, ONE.
HOLD.
EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICELY DONE.
ONE MORE TIME.
NICE AND TALL.
RELAX.
TAKE A DEEP BREATH IN.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
HOLD.
EXHALE FOR FIVE,
FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
WE'RE GOING TO TRY THAT
TWO MORE TIMES.
BUT THIS TIME, IT'S GOING TO BE
A LITTLE DIFFERENT.
WE'RE GOING TO BRING
THE ARMS UP TOGETHER,
AND TO THE HEART'S CENTRE,
ALL RIGHT?
AS WE INHALE, WE'RE GOING
TO BRING THE ARMS UP.
TRY IT WITH ME.
TAKE A DEEP BREATH IN.
BRING THE ARMS UP.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
HANDS TOGETHER. EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
ONE MORE TIME.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
AND FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO, ONE.
AMAZING.
NOW THAT THE BRAIN IS READY,
LET'S GET THE REST
OF THE BODY READY, OKAY?
I WANT YOU TO COME
ON YOUR KNEES.
She kneels up and says OOH.
NICE CARPET.
SO, KNEES ONTO THE GROUND.
AND YOU'RE GOING TO GET THE
HANDS ALL THE WAY, REACHING OUT.
She presses her hands against the floor and says JUST TOUCH THE FLOOR.
VERY NICE.
HANDS OUT IN FRONT OF YOU.
AND NOW YOU'RE GOING TO PUSH
YOUR HIPS BACK ALL THE WAY.
HANDS DROP, SHOULDERS DROP
TO THE GROUND.
She performs the movement as described and says NICE.
NOW I WANT YOU TO REACH
THE ARMS OUT NICE AND FAR.
OH, REACHING, REACHING,
REACHING.
PUSH THE HIPS DOWN
FOR FIVE MORE SECONDS.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
AH. NICE.
COME UP. SHAKE IT OUT.
She rises on her knees and moves her shoulders in circles.
She says VERY NICE.
ALL RIGHT, NOW I'M GOING TO GET
YOU TO COME ON YOUR BELLIES.
SO WE'RE NOT SLEEPING,
BUT WE'RE GOING
TO GET ON OUR BELLIES.
WE'RE GOING TO GET OUR PALMS
IN THERE, OUR SHOULDERS.
LOOKING STRAIGHT AHEAD.
NOW WE'RE GOING TO PUSH
THE FLOOR AWAY FROM US.
She performs the movement as described and says GET YOUR HEAD UP.
LOOKING TO THE CEILING.
NICE STRETCH IN THE BELLY.
OOH.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
NICE.
DROP DOWN,
DO THAT ONE MORE TIME.
She repeats the motion as she counts
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
AMAZING WORK.
ALL RIGHT. COME UP.
PUSH YOURSELF
ALL THE WAY UP.
KNEES IN.
She kneels and says NICELY DONE.
THE NEXT THING WE'RE GOING TO DO
IS COME UP ON OUR FEET.
SO, FEET TOGETHER.
UNDER YOUR HIPS.
She stands up, shakes her feet and says
SHAKE IT OUT A LITTLE BIT.
NICE.
SO, AGAIN,
SOME BREATHING EXERCISES
WHILE WE'RE STANDING UP.
YOU'RE GOING TO GET YOUR ARMS
ALL THE WAY UP
AS YOU INHALE.
AND AS YOU EXHALE,
YOU'RE GOING TO DROP
TO THE GROUND.
ALL RIGHT?
LET'S TRY IT.
She performs the movement as described and says FIVE SECONDS TO INHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, REACH.
AND NOW DROP YOUR HANDS
TO THE TOES
FROM FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
COME BACK UP.
DOING THAT TWO MORE TIMES.
SO INHALE.
DEEP BREATH.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, EXHALE.
TO THE GROUND.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO AND ONE.
COME BACK UP.
ONE MORE TIME.
MAKE THE BEST OF IT.
ALL RIGHT.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
REACH, REACH, REACH.
AND DROP, EXHALE.
FIVE, FOUR, THREE,
TWO, ONE.
SLOWLY COME UP.
(EXHALING)
As she rolls her shoulders, she says ROLL YOUR SHOULDERS BACK
AND FORWARD.
NICE.
ROTATE.
SHAKE OUT YOUR LEGS.
SHAKE OUT THE ARMS.
AND YOU'RE READY TO PLAY.
She performs the movement as described and says ALL RIGHT, BACK TO YOU,
TEACHER VICKITA.
Teacher Vickita sighs, then says I FEEL SO MUCH BETTER.
AND NOW THAT WE'RE COMFORTABLE
AND IN THE RIGHT MINDSET,
LET'S GET STARTED.
YOU MAY WANT TO GRAB A NOTEBOOK
AND A PENCIL,
BECAUSE WE'RE GOING TO HAVE
SO MUCH FUN TOGETHER
AND YOU MIGHT WANT
TO WRITE SOME NOTES DOWN.
OUR BIG IDEA FOR TODAY
IS EXPLORING 3D SHAPES.
WE'RE GOING TO BE FINDING,
NAMING AND CLASSIFYING THEM.
A caption reads "2D and 3D."
Vickita continues WE CAN FIND 2D AND 3D SHAPES
EVERYWHERE AROUND US.
THE LETTER "D" IN 2D AND 3D
MEANS "DIMENSION."
AND I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU
WHAT THAT MEANS RIGHT NOW.
SO HERE, I HAVE A CARD.
A FOUND SHAPE IN MY HOUSE.
As she holds up a playing card, she says THIS SHAPE IS 2D
BECAUSE IT HAS TWO DIMENSIONS:
LENGTH AND WIDTH.
THAT'S IT.
Now she picks up a box of salt and says THIS SHAPE, THIS TABLE SALT BOX,
IS A 3D SHAPE BECAUSE IT HAS
THREE DIMENSIONS.
LENGTH, WIDTH AND HEIGHT.
THREE DIMENSIONS.
2D SHAPES AND 3D SHAPES
HAVE AN INCREDIBLY IMPORTANT
RELATIONSHIP,
BECAUSE YOU CAN FIND 2D SHAPES
WITHIN 3D SHAPES.
SO, FOR EXAMPLE,
Holding the card up, she says THIS IS A RECTANGLE.
AND WITHIN THIS BOX,
YOU CAN SEE MANY RECTANGLES.
SO HOW MANY RECTANGLES DOES
THIS SALT TABLE SALT BOX HAVE?
As she points at the sides of the box, she says ONE, TWO, THREE, FOUR,
FIVE AND SIX.
SO THEY HAVE A RELATIONSHIP.
WE USE TWO-
AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL SHAPES
IN SEVERAL AREAS
IN OUR LIVES,
SUCH AS ENGINEERING,
COMPUTER GRAPHICS,
ANIMATION,
AND IN REAL LIFE TOO.
I'M GOING TO SHOW YOU
IN A FEW SECONDS
WHAT I FOUND IN MY HOUSE
AS FOUND SHAPES THAT WERE 3D.
Nos she stands behind a wooden table with several object on it.
The caption changes to "3D shapes."
Vickita says OKAY, SO AS I SAID BEFORE,
YOU CAN FIND SHAPES
ALL AROUND YOU.
ESPECIALLY 3D ONES.
AND I LOOKED INSIDE MY HOUSE,
AND I FOUND ALL OF THESE
3D SHAPES.
SO RIGHT NOW, WHAT WE'RE GOING
TO BE DOING
IS WE'RE GOING TO BE NAMING
AND CLASSIFYING THEM.
REMEMBER THAT 2D SHAPES
ARE FOUND WITHIN 3D SHAPES,
SO AS I GIVE YOU THE NAME
OF THE SHAPE,
I'M ALSO GOING TO GIVE YOU
THE 2D SHAPE
THAT HAS A RELATIONSHIP WITH IT,
BECAUSE THEY HAVE A CLOSE
RELATIONSHIP.
As she holds up an orange ball, she says SO THE FIRST SHAPE THAT'S 3D
IS A SPHERE.
A SPHERE HAS A CIRCLE
INSIDE IT.
SO IT'S MADE UP OF A CIRCLE.
She picks up a party hat and says THE NEXT ONE IS A CONE.
A CONE HAS A CIRCLE
AND A CURVED RECTANGLE
THAT GOES AROUND.
She picks up a Pringles container and says WE HAVE A CYLINDER HERE.
A CYLINDER IS MADE UP
OF TWO CIRCLES
AND ONE CURVED RECTANGLE.
She picks up a Rubik's cube and says WE ALSO HAVE
A RUBIK'S CUBE HERE,
WHICH I NEVER CAN DO.
HOPEFULLY YOU CAN.
BUT IN THIS RUBIK'S CUBE,
WE HAVE SQUARES THAT MAKE UP
EACH SHAPE.
NOW, A LITTLE BIT OF A FUN FACT
ABOUT PRISMS AND PYRAMIDS.
SOMETHING TO REMEMBER SO THAT
WHEN YOU'RE NAMING SHAPES,
IT BECOMES A LITTLE BIT
EASIER FOR YOU.
She picks up a pack of Toblerone and says THIS IS A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
THE REASON WHY IT'S A PRISM
IS BECAUSE
THERE ARE RECTANGLES
THAT MAKE UP ITS SIDES.
She picks up a wooden box in the same shape as the Toblerone container and says CAN YOU SEE THE RECTANGLE?
HERE, HERE AND HERE.
THE REASON WHY IT'S CALLED
A TRIANGULAR PRISM
IS BECAUSE THE BASES
ARE CONGRUENT,
WHICH MEANS THAT THEY ARE
THE SAME.
AND THEY'RE ALSO
TRIANGLES.
Pointing at the Toblerone container, she says THIS CHOCOLATE BAR'S BASES
ARE CONGRUENT
AND TRIANGLES.
PYRAMIDS, ON THE OTHER HAND...
She picks up a small pale blue pyramid and says HERE...
ARE MADE UP OF TRIANGLES
AS THE SIDES.
BUT WE STILL NAME THE PYRAMID
BASED OFF OF THEIR BASES.
She picks up a small blue pyramid, shows the square base it has, and says SO HERE,
THIS IS A SQUARE-BASED PYRAMID.
SQUARE, BECAUSE OF THIS SHAPE
OF THE 2D SHAPE
THAT MAKES ITS BASE.
AND PYRAMID,
BECAUSE IT HAS TRIANGLES
THAT MAKE UP ITS SIDES,
AS YOU CAN SEE HERE.
She picks up the other pyramid and shows its pentagonal base, then says
THIS IS A PENTAGONAL PYRAMID,
BECAUSE THE BASE
IS A PENTAGON
AND THE SIDES
ARE TRIANGULAR.
SO JUST TO RECAP,
THESE ARE PRISMS
BECAUSE THEY'RE MADE UP
OF RECTANGLES AS ITS SIDES.
AND THESE ARE PYRAMIDS,
BECAUSE THEY ARE MADE UP
OF TRIANGLES AS ITS SIDES.
THE WAY TO NAME PRISMS
AND PYRAMIDS
IS TO LOOK AT ITS BASE
AND SEE WHAT SHAPE IT IS.
She picks up a copy of Harry Potter and says SO HERE IS A BOOK.
A BOOK IS A RECTANGULAR PRISM,
BECAUSE ITS BASES
ARE RECTANGLES
AND ITS SIDES ARE RECTANGLES
AS WELL.
SO CAN YOU HELP ME OUT?
I'VE BEEN TRAVELLING A LOT,
AND I WANT YOU TO FIGURE OUT
WHAT 3D SHAPES YOU CAN FIND
IN MY TRAVEL PHOTOS.
A picture appears showing tall, rocky mountains in the background and ancient ruins in the forefront, with neat stone walls and flat grassy surfaces.
Vickita continues THIS IS MACHU PICCHU,
IN PERU.
MACHU PICCHU IS MORE
THAN 7,000 FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL,
AND IS THE MOST VISITED TOURIST
DESTINATION IN PERU.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE?
A circle appears around one of the mountains and Vickita says I SEE A PYRAMID HERE.
A circle appears around one of the walls and Vickita says I SEE A RECTANGULAR PRISM
RIGHT THERE.
A circle appears around the gabled stone roof of one of the constructions and Vickita says I EVEN SEE A TRIANGULAR PRISM
WITH THE HOUSES
RIGHT THERE.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
A picture taken from a tall point of view shows a city with a large park, surrounded by buildings.
Vickita says OOH, THIS IS LISBON.
LISBON IS IN PORTUGAL.
IT'S THE CAPITAL AND THE LARGEST
CITY OF PORTUGAL.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE?
A circle appears around white roofs that look like pyramids and Vickita says I SEE SQUARE-BASED PYRAMIDS
HERE.
I SEE RECTANGULAR PRISMS
ON ALL THE BUILDINGS.
A green arrow points at a building and Vickita says
IF I USE MY IMAGINATION,
I CAN EVEN SEE SPHERES
WITH THE TREES.
DO YOU SEE IT?
A green circle appears around a tree and Vickita continues THE ROOFS ARE MADE UP
OF TRIANGULAR PRISMS.
AND FAR INTO THE CORNER,
YOU CAN SEE THAT TOWERS
ARE MADE UP OF CYLINDERS
AND CONES.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
LET'S BRING IT BACK HOME...
TO TORONTO.
A picture shows the skyline of Toronto.
Vickita says OKAY, YOU CAN HEAR
OVER 180 DIFFERENT LANGUAGES
AND DIALECTS IN TORONTO,
AS MORE THAN A THIRD
OF THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE THERE
SPEAK A LANGUAGE OTHER THAN
ENGLISH AND FRENCH.
WHAT SHAPES DO YOU SEE
IN THIS PICTURE?
I SEE A PYRAMID
ON THIS ROOF.
An orange arrow points at a pyramidal roof.
Vickita says I SEE A BUNCH OF RECTANGULAR
PRISMS IN THE BUILDINGS.
AND I SEE AN ARCH RIGHT HERE.
An orange circle appears around the entrance to a warehouse.
Vickita says AN ARCH IS NOT A SHAPE,
BUT A STRUCTURE.
MAYBE WE'LL TALK ABOUT IT
NEXT TIME.
WHY DON'T YOU TRY THIS AT HOME.
TAKE A PICTURE AND SEE
WHAT SHAPES YOU CAN SEE
AT YOUR HOUSE.
Vickita stands next to the table again, but now there are two trays on it. One reads "Polyhedron" and the other one reads "Non-polyhedron."
Vickita says OKAY, SO I HAVE A LOT OF SHAPES
ON MY TABLE.
BUT WE NEED TO LEARN
HOW TO CLASSIFY THESE SHAPES
IN ORDER TO BETTER
REMEMBER THEM.
I KNOW THAT ALL 3D SHAPES
FALL UNDER TWO CATEGORIES:
POLYHEDRONS AND NON-POLYHEDRONS.
AS YOU CAN SEE ON MY TABLE,
I HAVE A POLYHEDRON SIDE
AND A NON-POLYHEDRON SIDE.
POLYHEDRONS ARE ALL SHAPES
THAT HAVE FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
NON-POLYHEDRONS ARE ALL SHAPES
THAT HAVE CURVED EDGES.
SO, FOR EXAMPLE,
A CYLINDER HAS A CURVED EDGE.
SO I THINK IT FALLS
UNDER NON-POLYHEDRON.
BUT A CUBE HAS FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
SO IT MAY FALL
UNDER POLYHEDRON.
THE ONE I'M HAVING
THE MOST TROUBLE WITH
IS THIS IRREGULAR SHAPE.
She picks up a purple object with irregular sides.
She continues IT DOESN'T FOLLOW
ANY OF THE 2D AND 3D RULES.
IT'S IRREGULAR.
SO I DON'T KNOW
WHAT IT FALLS UNDER.
A POLYHEDRON
OR A NON-POLYHEDRON.
I THINK WE SHOULD WATCH AN
EPISODE OF
LOOK KOOL
TO FIND OUT MORE INFORMATION.
REMEMBER, WITH YOUR PENCIL
AND PAPER OR NOTEBOOK,
YOU CAN WRITE NOTES SO THAT YOU
CAN HELP ME SORT THE SHAPES
WHEN WE COME BACK.
A man with short black hair handles different objects as he screams
OCTAHEDRON.
STELLATED OCTAHEDRON.
YUMMY TORUS WITH A BITE
TAKEN OUT OF IT.
COMING UP, WE'RE GOING TO LOOK
AT SOME SUPER SURPRISING FACTS
ABOUT THE WEIRDEST SHAPES
YOU'VE EVER SEEN.
A girl says I DID NOT KNOW
THAT WAS GOING TO HAPPEN.
The man continues WE'LL MAKE A HEXAGON
WITH HIDDEN SECRETS.
WE'LL FIND OUT HOW SHAPES
THAT ARE NOT ROUND
CAN ROLL PERFECTLY,
AND GET A FEEL FOR WEIRD SHAPE
NAMES THAT ARE A CHALLENGE.
A boy screams GO, DECAHEDRON!
(SCREAMING)
The man continues ALL THAT AND MORE...
WHO'S A CUTE LITTLE
NON-POLYHEDRON? ON LOOK...
POW-POW... KOOL.
In animation, colourful 3D shapes grow out of the ground and form a city.
A cat says MEOW.
The man says LOOK...
Children say KOOL.
The logo of the show reads "Look Kool." Then the man reappears standing next to a table with several objects on it.
He says THESE ARE SOME PRETTY FAMOUS
SOLID SHAPES
OF THE NON-WEIRD VARIETY.
He points at a large dye and says GOT YOUR CUBE...
He points at other objects and says CONE,
CYLINDER, SPHERE, PYRAMID.
YOU'VE PROBABLY SEEN THESE
AROUND YOUR HOUSE
OR YOUR NEIGHBOURHOOD.
Fast clips show buildings and objects in the mentioned shapes.
The man says YUP, THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
BUT WHAT ABOUT LUMPY,
LOPSIDED GOOFY-LOOKING SHAPES?
LIKE WHAT IF I DID THIS?
He picks up a piece of plasticine, bends it into an irregular shape and says
HYAH!
IT'S WEIRD-LOOKING,
BUT IT LOOKS LIKE A SHAPE
OF SOME KIND, RIGHT?
WHAT SHOULD I CALL IT?
HOW ABOUT A BLOOPEZOID?
I WONDER IF MY BLOOPEZOID
BELONGS TO ANY GROUP OF SHAPES
IN PARTICULAR,
EVEN THOUGH IT LOOKS
TOTALLY WEIRD.
LET'S TAKE A CLOSER LOOK.
In animation, a cat made of a toaster disassembles to show its parts and reassembles immediately as a voice says DECONSTRUCT.
Now the man points at a group of 3D shapes on the table and yells DECONSTRUCT!
Three shapes float in the air and the man says WHOA!
ARE YOU SEEING
WHAT I'M SEEING?
A computerized voice says PRESENTING THE POLYHEDRON GROUP.
The man says POLYHEDRONS?
OH, I GET IT.
ALL THE FACES ON THESE SHAPES
ARE COMPLETELY FLAT,
WHICH IS WHAT MAKES THE CUBE,
THE PRISM,
AND THE PYRAMID POLYHEDRONS.
The computer says AND NOW, THE NON-POLYHEDRON GROUP.
The man says HM. WHY ARE THESE
IN A DIFFERENT GROUP?
I GET IT. THE NON-POLYHEDRONS
ALL HAVE AT LEAST ONE SIDE
THAT IS CURVED,
WHICH MAKES THE CONE,
THE CYLINDER,
AND THE SPHERE NON-POLYHEDRONS.
BUT WHAT ABOUT MY BLOOPEZOID?
WHAT GROUP WOULD BLOOPY JOIN?
WELL, HE'S GOT ONE FLAT SIDE,
BUT THE REST OF HIM
IS ALL CURVED AND BUMPY.
SO I GUESS BLOOPY WOULD JOIN
THE NON-POLYHEDRON SIDE.
The computer says AFFIRMATIVE.
BLOOPEZOID IS A NON-POLYHEDRON.
The man says OH, BLOOPY, YOU DO BELONG
TO A GROUP.
I'M SO PROUD OF YOU!
WHO'S A CUTE LITTLE
NON-POLYHEDRON?
YOU'RE THE CUTEST NON-POLYHEDRON
OUT HERE.
YOU'RE SO...
OH. HI.
ANYWAY, I'M GOING
TO INTRODUCE BLOOPY
TO SOME OTHER WEIRD SHAPES.
He points at a donut-shaped object and says THE TORUS.
He points at an object that looks like two cups stuck together by their bases and says THE HYPERBOLOID.
He points at an object that loosely resembles a soccer ball and says AND THE GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON.
I WONDER IF THESE SHAPES BELONG
TO A PARTICULAR GROUP?
The three objects float up as a caption reads "Non-polyhedrons."
The man continues SO NON-POLYHEDRONS
HAVE AT LEAST ONE SURFACE
THAT ISN'T FLAT.
AND, SO FAR AS WE CAN TELL,
NONE OF THE TORUS IS FLAT.
SO THAT'S DEFINITELY
A NON-POLYHEDRON.
AH, THE HYPERBOLOID.
NOW, THAT LOOKS LIKE A CYLINDER
THAT WENT ON A DIET.
SO IN THE HYPERBOLOID,
WE HAVE TWO FLAT SURFACES.
BUT THE MIDDLE SEEMS TO BE
ALL CURVY, LIKE AN HOURGLASS.
IT'S DEFINITELY A
NON-POLYHEDRON.
AND THE GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON
HAS A ROUND SHAPE,
SO I'M GUESSING
IT'S A NON-POLYHEDRON.
HOLD ON.
IT JUST LOOKS ROUND,
BUT IT'S ACTUALLY MADE UP
OF FLAT PENTAGONS AND HEXAGONS.
THAT MAKES IT A POLYHEDRON.
I GUESS I SHOULD HAVE
SEEN IT COMING.
GOLDBERG, POLYHEDRON.
I WONDER IF YOU COULD FIND
THESE THREE WEIRD SHAPES
HIDDEN IN EVERYDAY LIFE.
LET'S GET THE INVESTIGATORS
ON THE CASE.
An animated title reads "Investigation."
The man walks up to a large screen and two girls appear on it. Zara has dark hair and wears a red and blue hijab, and Chelsea has long wavy auburn hair and freckles.
The man says CHELSEA AND ZARA,
YOUR MISSION IS TO FIND THINGS
AROUND THE HOUSE
THAT LOOK LIKE
THESE THREE SHAPES.
Chelsea holds up a printed paper showing the shapes and says YOU MEAN THESE WEIRD SHAPES?
The man says YEAH. GO FOR IT.
Chelsea says LOOK OVER THERE.
Zara says IT LOOKS KIND OF LIKE THE HOOP.
Chelsea says IT LOOKS KIND OF LIKE
THIS HOOP WE GOT RIGHT HERE.
YOU WANT TO TAKE A PICTURE?
Zara says OKAY.
She takes a picture of a hoop as Chelsea holds it up.
The computerized voice says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
TORUS SHAPES CAN BE VERY FAT
OR VERY SKINNY,
WITH A LARGE SPACE
IN THE MIDDLE
OR ANY SIZE IN BETWEEN.
Pointing at a round table with a metal hoop in its structure, Zara says ONE HOOP HERE,
AND IT'S HOLDING UP
THE TABLE.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
Zara picks up a Goldberg Polyhedron and says HEY, THIS BALL KIND OF LOOKS
LIKE A SOCCER BALL.
The man says THAT WOULD BE A STRANGE
SOCCER BALL.
Chelsea says PROBABLY SOME SORT
OF TOY.
OR MAYBE EVEN A DOG TOY.
The man says I WOULD SAY YOU'RE RIGHT.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON IDENTIFIED.
A GOLDBERG POLYHEDRON
IS A SHAPE MADE UP
OF EXACTLY 12 PENTAGONS
AND ANY NUMBER OF HEXAGONS.
EXACTLY THREE SHAPES MEET
AT EACH VERTEX.
TO CREATE A SHAPE
THAT WILL ROLL WELL,
THERE MUST BE AT LEAST
SOME HEXAGONS.
A SOCCER BALL HAS 12 PENTAGONS
AND 20 HEXAGONS.
Zara approaches a candle base and says WELL, THIS THING LOOKS LIKE...
Chelsea says YEAH, THIS KIND OF LOOKS LIKE
THIS SHAPE WE'VE GOT HERE.
ZARA SAYS THE STAND FOR THE CANDLE.
Chelsea says YEAH.
The computer says HYPERBOLOID IDENTIFIED.
IN GEOMETRY,
THIS SHAPE IS CREATED
BY TWISTING ONE END
OF A CYLINDER,
WHICH CAUSES THE CENTRE
TO DRAW INWARD.
Chelsea says OH, LOOK.
I SEE DOUGHNUTS.
(CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING)
The computer says TORUS IDENTIFIED.
Chelsea points at a table and says LOOK OVER THERE.
Zara says IT LOOKS LIKE...
Chelsea picks up a toy in the shape of an hourglass and says IT LOOKS EXACTLY
LIKE THIS ONE.
The computer says HYPERBOLOID IDENTIFIED
The man says YOU GUYS SURE FOUND A LOT
OF WEIRD SHAPES.
SO, OF ALL THE OBJECTS
YOU FOUND TODAY,
WHAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE?
Both girls appear on the screen and says DOUGHNUTS!
They eat doughnuts.
The man says LIKE I EVEN HAD TO ASK.
ME TOO.
Music plays. In animation, a square-based pyramid and a cube dance together. A torus approaches and the other shapes make fun of it.
(MUSIC STOPS)
(LAUGHING)
The torus holds hands through the hole in its center and dances spinning around.
(MUSIC RESUMES)
The other shapes say WHOA.
(CHEERING)
(GROWLING)
They look happy and congratulate the torus.
The man says NOT ALL TORUS TASTE GOOD.
BUT HERE'S A TASTY IDEA.
CHECK OUT THIS SHAPE.
He picks up a small pink object that looks like a guitar pick and says IT'S CALLED A REULEAUX TRIANGLE.
THIS JUST LOOKS LIKE
A ROUNDED TRIANGLE, RIGHT?
NOTHING TOO WEIRD ABOUT IT.
WRONG! COOL CAT IS GOING
TO HELP ME DEMONSTRATE.
The toaster cat meows.
The man says WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF WE REPLACED
COOL CAT'S WHEELS
WITH FOUR OF THESE TRIANGLES?
(MEOWING)
The man says AH, TA-DA!
SO, YOU THINK COOL CAT'S IN
FOR A BUMPY RIDE?
Cool cat now has rounded triangles instead of wheels.
He moves perfectly.
The man says WHOA! THE REULEAUX
TRIANGLES ROLL
JUST LIKE PERFECTLY ROUND
WHEELS.
OH, BOY, I JUST CAN'T WAIT
TO START PLAYING
WITH SOME OTHER WEIRD SHAPES.
LIKE THIS.
He picks up a 3D version of the Reuleaux Triangle and says IT'S THE SAME SHAPE,
EXCEPT 3D.
THIS IS A ROUNDED PYRAMID.
(MEWLING)
The man says LET'S SEE WHAT WOULD HAPPEN
IF I PUT A FLAT SURFACE ON TOP
AND TRIED TO ROLL IT AROUND.
He places a piece of glass on top of four of the objects and it moves perfectly smoothly.
The man says THESE WEIRD SHAPES
ARE MOVING AROUND
JUST LIKE THEY'RE
PERFECTLY ROUND.
(MEOWING)
The man says EXCEPT THEY'RE NOT ROUND.
WHAT'S GOING ON HERE?
The computer says THESE ARE CALLED SHAPES
OF CONSTANT WIDTH.
THEY BEHAVE JUST LIKE
A CIRCLE OR A SPHERE,
BECAUSE THE SHAPE ALWAYS HAS
THE SAME DIAMETER,
NO MATTER HOW YOU TURN IT.
The man says SO, WHAT DO YOU THINK,
COOL CAT?
YOU WANT TO KEEP
YOUR NEW WHEELS?
Cool cat nods.
The man says I THINK THAT'S A YES.
SINCE OUR INVESTIGATORS
CHOSE A DOUGHNUT
AS THEIR FAVOURITE
WEIRD SHAPE,
TODAY WE HAVE DONNY THE DOUGHNUT
KING AS OUR GUEST.
THANK YOU SO MUCH
FOR COMING, DONNY.
He sits in an armchair next to a man identical to himself, who wears a white chef's shirt and a black hat.
Donny says YEAH, OH, FORGET ABOUT IT.
GOOD BEING HERE.
The man says I HEAR YOU HAVE A REAL PASSION
FOR DOUGHNUTS.
Donny says WELL, THEY'RE CALLED
TORUSES, ACTUALLY.
I MEAN, NOT THIS ONE ANYMORE.
BUT THERE'S NOTHING MORE
DELICIOUS THAN A TORUS.
I MEAN, DEEP-FRIED,
YOU PUT A LITTLE
POWDERED SUGAR ON IT. POW!
BUT HERE'S THE THING:
A TORUS IS MORE
THAN JUST A DELICIOUS PASTRY.
THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
YOU SEE THIS HULA-HOOP?
DA-DA-DA-DA-DA
IT'S IN THE SHAPE OF A TORUS.
POW!
YOU SEE THIS HURRICANE?
IT'S SHAPED LIKE A TORUS.
POW! BELUGA WHALES.
THEY CAN BLOW BUBBLES
IN THE SHAPE OF A TORUS.
POW!
The man says WOW!
Donny says NO, IT'S "POW,"
WITH A P.
YOU'LL GET IT.
ANYWAY, THERE'S THIS THEORY
THAT THE ENTIRETY
OF THE GINORMOUS UNIVERSE
IS SHAPED LIKE...
The man says A TORUS!
Donny says POW! POW!
THAT'S SO COOL.
The man says ARE THERE ANY OTHER WEIRD SHAPES
THAT YOU CAN TELL ME ABOUT?
Donny says ARE YOU KIDDING ME?
I JUST TOLD YOU THE ENTIRETY
OF THE UNIVERSE
IS SHAPED LIKE A TORUS,
AND YOU WANT TO HEAR
ABOUT SOME OTHER SHAPES.
The man says I'M SORRY, I DIDN'T MEAN
TO OFFEND...
Donny laughs and says I'M JUST PULLING YOUR LEG.
OH, YOU SHOULD LOOK
AT YOUR FACE.
THERE'S ONE CALLED
THE KLEIN BOTTLE
THAT'S PRETTY WEIRD.
ITS INSIDE IS JUST LIKE
ITS OUTSIDE,
SO ESSENTIALLY
IT ONLY HAS ONE SIDE
THAT KEEPS TURNING
INTO ITSELF.
A 3D drawing shows the shape.
The man says THAT'S MIND-BOGGLING.
Donny says THERE'S ANOTHER WEIRD SHAPE,
CALLED THE GOMBOC.
THE SURFACE OF IT MAKES IT SO
THAT YOU CAN NEVER KNOCK
IT OVER.
IT ALWAYS LANDS
RIGHT-SIDE UP.
YOU KNOW, THERE ARE
SOME TURTLES
WHERE THE SHELL'S
SHAPED LIKE A GOMBOC
TO HELP THEM GET BACK
TO THEIR FEET
IF THEY EVER GET FLIPPED OVER.
A picture shows a turtle in the shape of a gömböc, which falls on its back and immediately flips around to have its paws on the ground.
The man says SAY WHAT?
Donny says YEAH.
AND HERE'S SOMETHING
THAT'S REALLY COOL.
THERE'S A TYPE OF MATH,
CALLED TOPOLOGY,
WHERE YOU CAN TAKE A SHAPE
AND CHANGE IT
TO SOMETHING REALLY WEIRD BY
STRETCHING IT AND TWISTING IT.
SO YOU CAN TAKE THIS TORUS
AND SHAPE IT INTO...
POW-POW!
A COFFEE MUG.
POW!
The man says AH, I KNEW SOMEHOW YOU'D BRING
IT BACK TO COFFEE AND DOUGHNUTS.
Donny says HEY, WHOA, I'M DONNY
THE DOUGHNUT KING.
POW! POW! POW! POW! POW!
(SIGHING)
THAT'S WHAT I'M TALKING ABOUT.
The man says POW! I MEAN, I KNOW
THAT'S YOUR THING,
BUT I JUST LIKE IT
SO MUCH.
Donny says POW-POW!
(MUSIC PLAYING)
The shapes seen before dance together and inflate temporarily.
(INHALING AND BLOWING)
(MUSIC STOPS)
(INHALING)
The torus inhales and becomes a mug.
(MUSIC RESUMES)
An animated title reads "Challenge."
The man stands outdoors and says TODAY'S CHALLENGE
IS A MYSTERY.
AND TO HELP ME SOLVE IT,
I HAVE LEXI AND ALYSSA,
TEAM YELLOW.
Two girls yell WHOO! YELLOW!
WHOO! YELLOW!
The man says AND TO MY RIGHT SIDE,
I HAVE ETHAN AND AIDAN.
TEAM BLUE.
Two boys yell WHOO! WHOO! TEAM BLUE, YEAH!
WHOO! WHOO! TEAM BLUE, YEAH!
The man says NOW, YOU GUYS READY
TO HELP ME SOLVE THIS MYSTERY?
The four children say YEAH!
ALL RIGHT.
WELL, FOLLOW ME.
OKAY, SO WE HAVE IN FRONT OF US
TWO MYSTERY BOXES.
AND I'M GOING TO PUT THE SAME
SHAPE IN EACH MYSTERY BOX.
YOU CAN'T SEE IT,
SO YOU'LL HAVE TO GUESS
THE SHAPE BY TOUCHING IT.
THEN YOU'RE GOING TO POINT TO IT
ON YOUR CHARTS.
YOUR PARTNER WILL RUN OVER THERE
AND CALL OUT THE NAME
WRITTEN ON THE SHAPE.
AND, REMEMBER, IT'S A RACE.
FIRST TEAM TO GET EACH SHAPE'S
NAME CORRECTLY WINS ONE POINT.
OKAY, HANDS INSIDE
THE MYSTERY BOXES,
AND AWAIT YOUR FIRST
WEIRD SHAPE.
One boy and one girl place their hands inside each mystery box. The man places a torus inside each.
ALYSSA says I KNOW IT.
The boy says IT'S NOT REALLY POINTY.
IT'S MORE LIKE A CIRCLE.
LEXI says THIS ONE?
ALL RIGHT, THIS ONE.
The man says OH, LOOKS LIKE BOTH TEAMS
ARE OFF TO THE RACES.
The boy and the girl rush over to a line of giant shapes standing nearby.
ALYSSA SAYS COME ON, LEXI.
ETHAN SAYS TORUS!
The man says YUP, AND THAT'S A TIE.
BOTH GOT TO IT
AT THE SAME TIME.
ALL RIGHT, GUYS, TIME FOR YOUR
SECOND WEIRD SHAPE.
The man places a triangular prism inside each box.
The girls say IS IT POINTY? IS IT FLAT?
POINTY.
AIDAN says THIS ONE. GO, GO, GO!
TRIANGULAR PRISM.
The man says YUP, YOU GOT IT.
TRIANGULAR PRISM.
BLUE TEAM TAKES AN EARLY LEAD.
The girls touch a different shape and one says I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
MORE CIRCULAR?
I THINK IT IS.
One of the boys says LIKE A BUNCH OF TRIANGLES.
IT'S VERY POINTY.
I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
BOTH say FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID!
The man says YUP. FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID
IS CORRECT.
THAT'S A TIE.
The teams test another shape and a boy says THIS ONE.
The man says YOU BOTH GOT TO IT
AT THE SAME TIME?
BOTH kids say OCTAHEDRON!
The man says YUP. OCTAHEDRON.
YEAH, YOU GOT IT.
WE'RE GOING TO HAVE TO CALL
THAT ONE A TIE.
OKAY, SO AFTER
FOUR WEIRD SHAPES,
IT'S TEAM BLUE
LEADING WITH FOUR,
AND YELLOW A CLOSE SECOND
WITH THREE.
WE'LL BE RIGHT BACK WITH THE
LOOK KOOL WEIRD SHAPE CHALLENGE.
ARE YOU GUYS PUMPED UP?
The kids say YEAH!
The man says OKAY!
Now in a music video the man dances and sings as the shapes seen before appear around him.
He sings HYPERBOLOIDS, GOMBOCS TOO
HEMIHELIX,
TORUS MAKES ME DROOL
STELLATED DODECAHEDRON
AND THEN THERE'S
GOLDBERG'S POLYHEDRON
THERE'S ALL WEIRD SHAPES
SO BEAUTIFUL
SOLID 3D SHAPES SO COOL
SOME HAVE FIVE SIDES
AND SOME HAVE CURVES
EVERY WEIRD SHAPE
FITS THOSE RULES
WHAT ARE THE WEIRD SHAPES?
GREAT DITRIGONAL
DODECICOSIDODECAHEDRON
LOOKS SO COOL, YOU KNOW,
DODECAHEMIDODECAHEDRON
WHAT ARE THE WEIRD SHAPES?
PENTAGONAL GYROBICUPOLA
PENTAGONAL GYROCUPOLAROTUNDA
THOSE ARE SOME WEIRD
SHAPE NAMES.
An animated slate reads "Brain bender."
The man says SOME SHAPES ARE MADE BY
COMBINING OTHER SMALLER SHAPES.
In animation, 6 complicated 3D shapes appear on screen.
The man says TODAY, OUR PUZZLERS
WILL HAVE TO FIRST DECIDE
WHICH OF THESE SIX SHAPES
CAN BE MADE
BY COMBINING ALL
OF THE BLUE PIECES.
AND THEN MAKE THAT SHAPE.
OUR VOLUNTEERS
ARE MATTHEW AND VICTORIA.
GO FOR IT, GUYS.
MATTHEW SAYS START WITH THAT ONE.
VICTORIA SAYS OKAY.
As they handle 3D pieces and look at the desired 3D shapes on a printed page, MATTHEW says
WELL, WE ALREADY
HAVE THIS SHAPE.
WE HAVE TO ADD
THE TRIANGLES,
BUT WE CAN'T,
BECAUSE WE ALREADY HAVE IT.
YEAH, THAT ONE CAN'T WORK.
Victoria says WE COULD TRY THE CUBE.
MATTHEW says SO FOR THE CUBE,
WE NEED TO HAVE FLAT SIDES.
AND THEY NEED TO BE SQUARE.
SO IT CAN'T
BE THE CUBE EITHER.
LET'S TRY THIS PINK ONE.
VICTORIA SAYS SURE.
Victoria says YOU HAVE A POINT
AT THE TOP.
MATTHEW says
WE HAVE FOUR SIDES
IN FRONT OF US.
AND IF WE'RE LOOKING AT IT
THAT WAY,
WE CAN ONLY HAVE TWO SIDES,
OR THREE.
SO IT CAN'T BE THAT ONE.
VICTORIA says
THIS WEIRD SHAPE?
MATTHEW says
THIS ONE HAS ONE, TWO,
THREE SIDES.
VICTORIA says
BUT THIS ONE HAS FOUR SIDES.
ONE, TWO, THREE, FOUR.
Matthew says SO THAT ONE
CAN'T BE RIGHT EITHER.
THIS ONE ACTUALLY
LOOKS PRETTY CLOSE.
BUT THEN AGAIN,
WE HAVE TO ADD SHAPES ON.
WE CAN'T ALREADY BE USING THIS
AS OUR FINAL ONE.
Victoria says SO WE ONLY HAVE
ONE SHAPE LEFT,
WHICH IS THIS SHAPE.
Matthew says IT'S THIS WEIRD SHAPE.
Victoria says YEAH, I THINK IT'S THAT ONE.
Matthew says YEAH.
The man says WELL, LET'S FIND OUT
IF YOU'RE RIGHT.
ASSEMBLE YOUR BLUE SHAPES
TOGETHER.
Matthew says WELL, IT STARTS OFF
WITH THE POINTY PART ON TOP.
Victoria says AND THEN WE HAVE ONE
POINTING...
AT THE FRONT.
SO WE HAVE THAT.
Matthew says BUT WE HAVE ONE LEFT.
I THINK WE GOT IT. YOU?
VICTORIA says
I THINK IT LOOKS THE SAME.
The man says GREAT JOB.
I LIKE THE WAY YOU THINK.
THANKS, VICTORIA.
THANKS, MATTHEW.
Both kids say BYE.
The man says THEIR BRAINS ARE DEFINITELY
IN GREAT SHAPE.
GREAT WEIRD SHAPE, HUH?
An animated slate reads "Challenge."
Back to the outdoors, The man says FOUR MORE SHAPES TO GO.
ARE YOU GUYS READY?
The boys say YEAH, WE'RE READY!
The man says OKAY. LET'S GET TO IT.
As the kids touch other shapes, The man says OH, IT'S NECK AND NECK!
A girl yells FOUR-SIDED PYRAMID!
(SCREAMING)
The girl says I THINK.
The man says SORRY, THAT IS INCORRECT.
The girl says OH.
OCTAHEDRON.
The man says NO!
The girl says TETRAHEDRON!
TETRAHEDRON!
OCTAHEDRON!
The man says ALL RIGHT, WELL, A LITTLE BIT
FOR THE PRONUNCIATION,
BUT YELLOW TEAM'S GOT IT,
WITH TETRAHEDRON.
ALL RIGHT, COME ON BACK
FOR YOUR NEXT SHAPE.
The girl says OH, I ACTUALLY
TIED IT UP!
THIS ONE.
The man says AND THEY'RE RUNNING.
THEY'RE RUNNING.
LEXI says DODECAHEDRON!
The man says BOTH GOT THERE RELATIVELY
AT THE SAME TIME.
THEY SAID IT
AT THE SAME TIME.
IT'S ALL TIED UP
AT FIVE EACH.
A boy says ALMOST LIKE A BUNCH
OF TRIANGLES.
IT'S VERY POINTY.
I THINK IT'S THIS ONE.
ALYSSA says IT'S THAT ONE!
COME ON, COME ON,
COME ON.
One boy and one girl rush over to a star shape and yell STAR TETRAHEDRON.
The man says THAT WAS A TIE AS WELL.
THIS IS SO CLOSE.
COME ON BACK.
ALL TIED UP AT SIX.
ONE MORE SHAPE TO GO.
THIS ONE DECIDES THE WINNER.
AIDAN says THIS ONE.
The man says OH, AND IT'S CLOSE.
A boy and a girl yell ICOSAHEDRON!
The man says AND IT'S A TIE AS WELL.
WOW, EXCELLENT.
COME ON BACK.
WOW, EXCELLENT JOB,
BOTH TEAMS.
NOW, BLUE TEAM WAS WINNING IT
AT THE END OF THE FIRST ROUND,
AND THEN YELLOW TEAM TIES IT UP
IN THE SECOND ROUND.
AND THAT ICOSAHEDRON
WAS ALSO A TIE.
IT'S A TIE.
IT'S AN ABSOLUTE TIE.
CONGRATULATIONS FOR BOTH TEAMS.
BOTH TEAMS NOW.
TEAM BLUE, WHAT WAS THE HARDEST
PART ABOUT THIS CHALLENGE?
One of the boys says I THINK WE CAN AGREE
ON THE COMPETITION, THE RACING.
IT'S ALL ABOUT THE SPEED,
RIGHT?
The man says AND TEAM YELLOW,
WHAT WAS THE HARDEST PART
ABOUT THIS CHALLENGE?
One girl says NAMING THE NAMES.
The man says OKAY.
The other girl says AND SAYING THEM OUT LOUD.
The man says SINCE IT WAS A TIE,
I'VE GOT ONE MORE SPECIAL
WEIRD SHAPE FOR YOU GUYS
AS A PRIZE.
OKAY, THREE, TWO, ONE, GO.
The kids say OH. EW. IT'S A DOUGHNUT.
The man says DOUGHNUT!
YOU ALL GET YOUR VERY OWN
SPECIAL TORUS.
ISN'T IT DELICIOUS?
(LAUGHING)
He eats and says MM!
YOU WANT SOME?
A boy says I'M GOOD.
(LAUGHING)
An animated slate reads "Hands-on."
A picture shows a young man with short-cropped hair.
The man says FRANCIS IS AN ENGINEER
WHO UNDERSTANDS 3D STRUCTURES
AND HOW THEY WORK.
ENGINEERS OFTEN WORK
WITH SOME WEIRD SHAPES,
BECAUSE THEY CAN OFFER
SOME PRETTY FUN SOLUTIONS
WHEN BUILDING STRUCTURES.
Francis stands outdoors next to Chelsea and Zara.
He says I WANT TO ASK YOU GUYS
IF YOU'VE EVER SEEN
OR HEARD ABOUT A SHAPE
THAT HAS NO FRONT, NO BACK,
NO BEGINNING, NO END.
WHAT I WANT TO SHOW YOU GUYS IS
SOMETHING CALLED A MOBIUS STRIP.
HOW WOULD YOU MAKE
A REGULAR BAND?
ZARA SAYS THAT?
They make a band using a strip of paper.
FRANCIS SAYS YEAH, JUST CONNECT IT.
WE'RE GOING TO TAKE ONE EDGE
AND TURN IT HALFWAY.
EXACTLY LIKE THAT.
SO LOOK AT THAT SHAPE.
Chelsea says IT KIND OF LIKE SEEMS LIKE
A ROLLER COASTER, IN A WAY.
The COMPUTER says
A MOBIUS STRIP LOOK LIKE
IT HAS TWO SIDES,
BUT, BECAUSE OF THE TWIST,
BOTH SIDES OF THE PAPER
ARE CONNECTED.
IT ONLY HAS ONE SIDE.
CUT A REGULAR BAND IN HALF
AND YOU GET TWO PIECES.
BUT CUT A MOBIUS STRIP IN HALF,
AND YOU GET A VERY
STRANGE RESULT.
LET'S SEE. LET'S CUT IT
AND LET'S SEE WHAT HAPPENS.
As the girls cut along their mobius strips, Francis says I'M VERY EXCITED TO SEE
WHAT'S GOING TO HAPPEN.
CHELSEA SAYS YEAH.
ZARA SAYS IT BECAME ONE BIG ONE.
Chelsea says OH, YEAH.
FRANCIS says YOU GOT ONE BIG ONE?
ISN'T THAT WEIRD?
SO NOW IT HAS BECOME
THE BIG, FAT CIRCLE,
WHATEVER YOU WANT TO CALL IT.
WHICH IT'S STILL TWISTED,
RIGHT?
Chelsea says SEE, LOOK, THERE'S STILL
THAT LITTLE SPIRAL OVER THERE.
Francis says I WANT YOU GUYS TO TRY
SOMETHING DIFFERENT THIS TIME.
WE'RE GOING TO MAKE
ANOTHER MOBIUS STRIP,
THE SAME WAY YOU DID IT
THE FIRST TIME.
BUT INSTEAD OF CUTTING IT
DOWN THE MIDDLE,
WE'RE GOING TO CUT IT
CLOSER TO THE EDGE.
The computer says CUTTING A MOBIUS STRIP
ALONG ITS EDGE
GIVES ANOTHER WEIRD RESULT.
FRANCIS says TRY TO STAY ON THE EDGE.
WHAT DO YOU HAVE?
WHAT'S THAT?
Zara says A CIRCLE
WITH ANOTHER BIG
OVAL HANGING.
WE STARTED WITH ONE
MOBIUS STRIP.
SO HOW DID IT BECOME ONE OVAL
AND A CIRCLE ATTACHED TOGETHER?
FRANCIS says HERE'S THE WEIRD THING
ABOUT MOBIUS STRIPS.
THEY ONLY HAVE ONE EDGE.
SO WHEN WE CUT DOWN THE MIDDLE,
WE JUST OPENED IT UP
AND MADE IT LONGER, BASICALLY.
BUT WHEN WE CUT
ALONG THE EDGE,
WE ACTUALLY CREATED
TWO MOBIUS STRIPS.
AND SO IT'S ALMOST AS IF
THERE'S AN INFINITE AMOUNT
OF MOBIUS STRIPS
INSIDE THE MOBIUS STRIP.
The man appears and says MOBIUS STRIPS ARE TOTALLY TWISTED.
FRANCIS says I GOT ANOTHER COOL SHAPE
TO SHOW YOU GUYS.
WE CALL THEM HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGONS.
The girls say WHAT?
Francis says I GOT SOME RIGHT HERE.
CHECK THIS OUT.
He shows them a 3D shape made of triangles that folds into itself.
They say WHAT?
LIKE...
PUT IT INSIDE
AND THEN YOU BRING IT OUT?
The computer says THE HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGON
HAS SOME VERY SURPRISING
PROPERTIES.
YOU CAN MAKE ONE BY FOLDING
A STRIP OF PAPER
INTO 19 TRIANGLES
AND ATTACHING THE ENDS
TOGETHER.
THE HEXA-HEXAFLEXAGON
HAS TWO SIDES,
BUT HIDDEN INSIDE ARE ACTUALLY
SIX DIFFERENT FACES,
WHICH YOU CAN DISCOVER
IF YOU COLOUR EACH ONE
AS YOU FLEX IT.
As the group appears on the screen, the man in the lab says HEY, INVESTIGATORS,
DID YOU HAVE ANY IDEA
THAT YOU COULD MAKE
SUCH INTERESTING,
WEIRD SHAPES OUT OF PAPER?
BOTH girls say NO.
The man says WHAT WAS YOUR FAVOURITE SHAPE?
Chelsea says THE HEXAFLEXAGON.
Zara says HOW IT WOULD, LIKE,
CHANGE COLOURS
WHEN YOU WOULD PUT THEM
INSIDE OUT.
The man says I THINK THESE HEXAFLEXAGONS
ARE MY NEW BEST FRIENDS.
BOTH girls say BUT WHAT ABOUT COOL CAT?
(MEOWING)
The man says OH, I'M ONLY KIDDING.
YOU'RE MY BEST FRIEND,
COOL CAT.
Cool cat meows happily.
The man says THANKS. SEE YOU LATER.
Francis and the girls say BYE, HAMZA.
The three shapes dance together. The torus hits a rock and explodes.
(LAUGHTER)
It uses a band-aid to fix itself and turns into a mobius strip.
The other say WHOA.
WHOA.
The man, Hamza, says OH, MAN, I CAN'T BELIEVE
HOW COOL WEIRD SHAPES ARE.
AND THEY'RE EVERYWHERE.
THERE'S A WEIRD SHAPE.
THERE'S ANOTHER WEIRD SHAPE.
HELLO, MR. WEIRD SHAPE.
HOW ARE YOU DOING TODAY?
GOOD, I HOPE.
EXCELLENT.
EVEN YOU, COOL CAT.
YOU'RE A WEIRD SHAPE.
I DIDN'T MEAN THAT
IN A BAD WAY.
BUT YOU ARE A WEIRD SHAPE.
AND LOOK AT YOUR NEW WHEELS.
THOSE REULEAUX TRIANGLES,
DEFINITELY A WEIRD SHAPE.
AND DEFINITELY COOL.
POLYHEDRONS,
NON-POLYHEDRONS.
EVEN SHAPES THAT SEEM TO BEHAVE
IN THE MOST MAGICAL WAYS
HAVE A PERFECTLY MATHEMATICAL
EXPLANATION FOR HOW THEY WORK.
HERE'S THE REALLY COOL THING.
THE WEIRDEST SHAPES
EVER DISCOVERED
CAN STILL BE UNDERSTOOD
USING THE RULES OF GEOMETRY.
MAN, I CAN'T WAIT TO START
INVENTING MORE WEIRD SHAPES.
THAT'S IT, COOL CAT.
GO GET SOME MORE
PAPER STRIPS.
I'M GOING TO GO GET
SOME MORE PLASTICINE.
BLOOPY, YOU'RE GETTING
A FRIEND.
SEE YOU NEXT TIME, ON MORE
LOOK KOOL.
The end credits roll.
(GIGGLING)
Teacher Vickita reappears.
She says OKAY, SO WHILE YOU WERE WATCHING
LOOK KOOL,
I ORGANIZED THE SHAPES INTO TWO
DIFFERENT CATEGORIES: NON-POLYHEDRONS
AND POLYHEDRONS.
THANKS TO THE CLIP WITH
LOOK KOOL,
I FOUND OUT THAT
IRREGULAR SHAPES,
LIKE THIS ONE...
She picks up the weird purple shape and says ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS,
BECAUSE THEY STILL
HAVE CURVES IN THEM,
AS YOU CAN SEE.
SO ALL OF MY SHAPES
THAT HAVE STRAIGHT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES
WENT INTO THE POLYHEDRON SIDE,
AS YOU CAN SEE.
SO THOSE ARE ALL MY PRISM,
MY CUBE.
ALL OF IT.
AND MY PYRAMIDS.
THE NEXT SIDE WAS
NON-POLYHEDRONS.
AS YOU CAN SEE, ALL MY CURVED
SHAPES ARE ALL HERE,
INCLUDING THE SPHERE,
WHICH HAS FALLEN DOWN.
RIGHT HERE.
THE SPHERE IS RIGHT HERE.
SO AS YOU CAN SEE,
ALL OF THESE SHAPES
ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS.
SO NOW, WE'RE GOING
TO BE FOCUSSING
ON HOW TO CLASSIFY THEM
EVEN FURTHER,
BECAUSE AS YOU CAN SEE,
THERE ARE STILL TWO
VERY BIG PILES ON EITHER SIDE.
SO WE HAVE TO FURTHER ORGANIZE
THESE SHAPES
IN ORDER FOR US
TO REMEMBER THEM BETTER.
SO THE WAY TO DO THAT
IS TO LOOK AT THE FACES,
EDGES AND VERTICES
OF EACH SHAPE,
AND CLASSIFY THEM BASED
OFF OF THESE THREE PROPERTIES.
SO THIS IS CALLED
PROPERTIES OF 3D SHAPES.
LET ME GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE.
A CUBE.
She picks up a Rubik's cube and says
SO A FACE ARE THE 2D SHAPES
WITHIN THE 3D SHAPE
THAT IS FACING YOU.
IT'S AN EASY WAY
TO REMEMBER.
As she points at the faces of the cube, she says SO HERE, A CUBE HAS ONE,
TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE, SIX SQUARES
WITHIN IT.
EDGES, ON THE OTHER HAND,
ARE A LINE IS THE LINE
THAT CONNECTS TWO FACES.
SO FOR A CUBE,
THERE ARE ONE, TWO,
THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX,
SEVEN, EIGHT, NINE, TEN,
ELEVEN AND TWELVE EDGES.
VERTICES, ON THE OTHER HAND,
ARE CORNERS,
ESSENTIALLY CORNERS,
IF YOU WANT
TO REMEMBER IT BETTER.
BUT IT'S WHERE
THE LINE SEGMENTS MEET.
SO IT'S THE CORNER.
ON A CUBE,
WE HAVE ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE, SIX, SEVEN,
EIGHT CORNERS.
BUT WHAT ABOUT SHAPES
THAT ARE NON-POLYHEDRONS?
IT'S EASIER TO CALCULATE
ALL OF THESE
WHEN YOU HAVE A SHAPE
THAT'S A POLYHEDRON,
WITH FLAT EDGES
AND FLAT SURFACES.
SO FOR NON-POLYHEDRONS,
LET'S SAY A CYLINDER...
She picks up a container of Pringles and continues
YOU HAVE THREE SHAPES, RIGHT?
TWO CIRCLES AND ONE RECTANGLE
THAT'S BEEN WRAPPED AROUND,
SO CURVED.
SO IN THIS WAY,
WE HAVE THREE FACES,
BECAUSE THERE ARE THREE
2D SHAPES WITHIN THIS SHAPE.
IN TERMS OF EDGES,
WE HAVE TWO.
ONE EDGE...
AND ANOTHER EDGE
THAT CONNECTS THE SHAPES.
BUT DOES THIS SHAPE
HAVE ANY VERTICES?
ARE THERE ANY CORNERS
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES?
ZERO VERTICES.
ANOTHER THING TO REMEMBER
IS THAT VERTICES IS THE PLURAL
OF "VERTEX."
SO A VERTEX IS ONE POINT,
VERSUS VERTICES ARE MANY.
OKAY, SO LET'S TRY THIS
ON OUR OWN.
REMEMBER, WE HAVE FACES,
EDGES AND VERTICES.
FACES ARE THE 2D SHAPES
WITHIN THE SHAPE THAT IS 3D.
EDGES ARE THE FLAT LINES
THAT CONNECT TWO FACES.
AND VERTICES ARE THE POINTS
AT WHICH TWO EDGES MEET.
SO IT'S A POINT.
IT'S A CORNER. OKAY?
She picks up the wooden box in the shape of a triangular prism and says
SO HERE, OUR FIRST SHAPE
IS A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
REMEMBER, IT'S A PRISM BECAUSE
IT'S MADE UP OF RECTANGLES,
AND IT HAS TWO
CONGRUENT BASES.
SO IF YOU HAVE A PEN
OR A PENCIL AND A NOTEBOOK,
YOU CAN WRITE IT DOWN
WHILE I'M TALKING.
HOW MANY FACES DO YOU THINK
THIS SHAPE HAS?
OKAY, LET'S COUNT OUT HOW MANY
2D SHAPES THERE ARE IN HERE.
ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR AND FIVE.
SO THERE ARE FIVE FACES
IN A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
NEXT, LET'S LOOK AT THE EDGES.
REMEMBER, THE EDGES ARE THE
LINES THAT CONNECT TWO FACES.
SO WE HAVE ONE, TWO,
THREE, FOUR, FIVE, SIX,
SEVEN, EIGHT,
AND THEN NINE.
SO THERE ARE NINE EDGES
TO A TRIANGULAR PRISM.
NEXT, LET'S LOOK AT THE VERTEX,
OR THE VERTICES.
SO, VERTICES ARE THE POINTS
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES TOGETHER.
DO YOU SEE THAT?
SO LET'S COUNT THE POINTS.
LET'S COUNT THE VERTICES.
SO WE HAVE ONE, TWO, THREE,
FOUR, FIVE AND SIX.
SO THERE ARE SIX VERTICES
IN THIS SHAPE.
SO, ONCE AGAIN,
FIVE FACES...
NINE EDGES...
AND SIX VERTICES.
LET'S TRY ANOTHER ONE.
A SPHERE.
She picks up the orange ball and says SO A SPHERE IS JUST MADE UP
OF ONE SHAPE.
CAN YOU GUESS WHAT IT IS?
I TALKED ABOUT IT
AT THE BEGINNING.
IT'S A CIRCLE.
SO IF IT'S JUST ONE SHAPE,
THEN IT'S ONLY ONE FACE.
ARE THERE ANY EDGES?
NO.
ZERO.
ARE THERE ANY VERTICES?
DO YOU SEE ANY?
NO. IT'S A CIRCULAR SPHERE.
SO YOU WON'T SEE
ANY VERTICES.
SO IT'S ONLY ONE FACE,
ZERO EDGES AND ZERO VERTICES.
LET'S LOOK AT THE CONE HERE.
She picks up a party hat and says
WELL, WE HAVE A CIRCLE.
AND WE HAVE THE RECTANGLE
THAT GOES AROUND.
SO THAT MEANS
IT HAS TWO FACES.
I THINK IT HAS ONE EDGE,
BECAUSE THE CIRCLE
IS CONNECTED TO THE RECTANGLE.
DO YOU SEE HERE?
ONE EDGE.
DOES IT HAVE ANY VERTICES?
NOPE.
EVEN THOUGH THERE IS
A POINT HERE,
THIS IS JUST ONE SHAPE.
IF YOU TAKE YOUR CONE APART,
YOU'LL SEE JUST ONE FULL
RECTANGULAR SHAPE.
SO IF YOU SEE HERE,
THERE ARE NO VERTICES
THAT CONNECT THE EDGES TOGETHER.
SO THAT'S OUR GAME.
AND I HOPE YOU HAD FUN.
UNFORTUNATELY, OUR TIME HAS COME
TO AN END.
BUT I REALLY ENJOYED
TEACHING YOU,
AND I CAN'T WAIT
TO BE BACK.
I'M GOING TO END OUR LESSON WITH
A LITTLE BIT OF A CHALLENGE.
FIND 3D OBJECTS AROUND YOUR HOME
AND TRY TO CLASSIFY THE SHAPES
ACCORDING TO THEIR PROPERTIES.
OR, BETTER YET,
GIVE THIS LESSON
TO SOMEBODY THAT YOU KNOW
INSIDE YOUR HOME.
REMEMBER, ALL THE SHAPES
THAT I USED
WERE FOUND INSIDE MY HOME.
SO I KNOW THAT YOU CAN
DO IT TOO.
BYE, EVERYONE.
(soft music plays)
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